1 Samuel 23:18
Strong's Lexicon
So the two
שְׁנֵיהֶ֛ם (šə·nê·hem)
Number - mdc | third person masculine plural
Strong's Hebrew 8147: 1) two 1a) two (the cardinal number) 1a1) two, both, double, twice 1b) second (the ordinal number) 1c) in combination with other numbers 1d) both (a dual number)

of them made
וַיִּכְרְת֧וּ (way·yiḵ·rə·ṯū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's Hebrew 3772: 1) to cut, cut off, cut down, cut off a body part, cut out, eliminate, kill, cut a covenant 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to cut off 1a1a) to cut off a body part, behead 1a2) to cut down 1a3) to hew 1a4) to cut or make a covenant 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be cut off 1b2) to be cut down 1b3) to be chewed 1b4) to be cut off, fail 1c) (Pual) 1c1) to be cut off 1c2) to be cut down 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cut off 1d2) to cut off, destroy 1d3) to cut down, destroy 1d4) to take away 1d5) to permit to perish 1e) (Hophal) cut off

a covenant
בְּרִ֖ית (bə·rîṯ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's Hebrew 1285: 1) covenant, alliance, pledge 1a) between men 1a1) treaty, alliance, league (man to man) 1a2) constitution, ordinance (monarch to subjects) 1a3) agreement, pledge (man to man) 1a4) alliance (of friendship) 1a5) alliance (of marriage) 1b) between God and man 1b1) alliance (of friendship) 1b2) covenant (divine ordinance with signs or pledges) 2) (phrases) 2a) covenant making 2b) covenant keeping 2c) covenant violation

before
לִפְנֵ֣י (lip̄·nê)
Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct
Strong's Hebrew 6440: 1) face 1a) face, faces 1b) presence, person 1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim) 1d) face (of animals) 1e) face, surface (of ground) 1f) as adv of loc/temp 1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before 1g) with prep 1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of

the LORD.
יְהוָ֑ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew 3068: Jehovah = 'the existing One' 1) the proper name of the one true God 1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of H0136

And David
דָּוִד֙ (dā·wiḏ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew 1732: David = 'beloved' 1) youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel

remained
וַיֵּ֤שֶׁב (way·yê·šeḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew 3427: 1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to sit, sit down 1a2) to be set 1a3) to remain, stay 1a4) to dwell, have one's abode 1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited 1c) (Piel) to set, place 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to sit 1d2) to cause to abide, set 1d3) to cause to dwell 1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited 1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to) 1e) (Hophal) 1e1) to be inhabited 1e2) to make to dwell

in Horesh,
בַּחֹ֔רְשָׁה (ba·ḥō·rə·šāh)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's Hebrew 2793: 1) wood, wooded height, forest, wooded area

while Jonathan
וִיהוֹנָתָ֖ן (wî·hō·w·nā·ṯān)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew 3083: Jonathan or Jehonathan = 'Jehovah has given' 1) a son of king Saul and a friend of David 2) a son of the high priest Abiathar and the last descendant of Eli of whom we hear 3) a nephew of David who like David slew a giant of Gath 4) an uncle of David 5) one of David's mighty warriors 6) one of David's treasurers 7) a scribe in the time of Jeremiah 8) a Levite and father of Zechariah, a priest who blew the trumpet at the dedication of the wall 9) a son or descendant of Gershom, the son of Moses, and a priest to the tribe of Dan 10) a son of Kareah and a brother of Johanan; a Judaite captain after the fall of Jerusalem 11) another Judaite father of Peleth 12) father of Ebed in the time of Ezra 13) son of Asahel in the time of Ezra 14) a priest of the family of Melicu in the time of Nehemiah 15) son of Joiada and his successor to the high priesthood in the time of Nehemiah

went
הָלַ֥ךְ (hā·laḵ)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew 1980: 1) to go, walk, come 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away 1a2) to die, live, manner of life (fig.) 1b) (Piel) 1b1) to walk 1b2) to walk (fig.) 1c) (Hithpael) 1c1) to traverse 1c2) to walk about 1d) (Niphal) to lead, bring, lead away, carry, cause to walk

home.
לְבֵיתֽוֹ׃ (lə·ḇê·ṯōw)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew 1004: nm 1) house 1a) house, dwelling habitation 1b) shelter or abode of animals 1c) human bodies (fig.) 1d) of Sheol 1e) of abode of light and darkness 1f) of land of Ephraim 2) place 3) receptacle 4) home, house as containing a family 5) household, family 5a) those belonging to the same household 5b) family of descendants, descendants as organized body 6) household affairs 7) inwards (metaph.) 8) (TWOT) temple adv 9) on the inside prep 10) within

Parallel Strong's
Berean Study Bible
So the two of them made a covenant before the LORD. And David remained in Horesh, while Jonathan went home.

Young's Literal Translation
And they make a covenant both of them before Jehovah; and David abideth in the forest, and Jonathan hath gone to his house.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Then the two of them made a covenant in the LORD’s presence.  Afterward, David remained in Horesh, while Jonathan went home.

New American Standard Bible
So the two of them made a covenant before the LORD; and David stayed at Horesh while Jonathan went to his house.

King James Bible
And they two made a covenant before the LORD: and David abode in the wood, and Jonathan went to his house.
Parallel Verses
New International Version
The two of them made a covenant before the LORD. Then Jonathan went home, but David remained at Horesh.

New Living Translation
So the two of them renewed their solemn pact before the LORD. Then Jonathan returned home, while David stayed at Horesh.

English Standard Version
And the two of them made a covenant before the LORD. David remained at Horesh, and Jonathan went home.

New American Standard Bible
So the two of them made a covenant before the LORD; and David stayed at Horesh while Jonathan went to his house.

King James Bible
And they two made a covenant before the LORD: and David abode in the wood, and Jonathan went to his house.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Then the two of them made a covenant in the LORD's presence. Afterward, David remained in Horesh, while Jonathan went home.

International Standard Version
The two of them made a covenant in the LORD's presence. David remained at Horesh while Jonathan went home.

NET Bible
When the two of them had made a covenant before the LORD, David stayed on at Horesh, but Jonathan went to his house.

American Standard Version
And they two made a covenant before Jehovah: and David abode in the wood, and Jonathan went to his house.

English Revised Version
And they two made a covenant before the LORD: and David abode in the wood, and Jonathan went to his house.

Young's Literal Translation
And they make a covenant both of them before Jehovah; and David abideth in the forest, and Jonathan hath gone to his house.
















Cross References
1 Samuel 18:3
Then Jonathan and David made a covenant, because he loved him as his own soul.

1 Samuel 20:8
Therefore thou shalt deal kindly with thy servant; for thou hast brought thy servant into a covenant of the LORD with thee: notwithstanding, if there be in me iniquity, slay me thyself; for why shouldest thou bring me to thy father?

1 Samuel 20:12
And Jonathan said unto David, O LORD God of Israel, when I have sounded my father about to morrow any time, or the third day, and, behold, if there be good toward David, and I then send not unto thee, and shew it thee;

1 Samuel 20:42
And Jonathan said to David, Go in peace, forasmuch as we have sworn both of us in the name of the LORD, saying, The LORD be between me and thee, and between my seed and thy seed for ever. And he arose and departed: and Jonathan went into the city.

2 Samuel 9:1
And David said, Is there yet any that is left of the house of Saul, that I may shew him kindness for Jonathan's sake?

2 Samuel 21:7
But the king spared Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan the son of Saul, because of the LORD'S oath that was between them, between David and Jonathan the son of Saul.

1 Samuel 1:1
Now there was a certain man of Ramathaimzophim, of mount Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephrathite:

1 Samuel 23:17
And he said unto him, Fear not: for the hand of Saul my father shall not find thee; and thou shalt be king over Israel, and I shall be next unto thee; and that also Saul my father knoweth.

1 Samuel 23:16
And Jonathan Saul's son arose, and went to David into the wood, and strengthened his hand in God.

1 Samuel 23:15
And David saw that Saul was come out to seek his life: and David was in the wilderness of Ziph in a wood.

1 Samuel 23:19
Then came up the Ziphites to Saul to Gibeah, saying, Doth not David hide himself with us in strong holds in the wood, in the hill of Hachilah, which is on the south of Jeshimon?
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