Berean Strong's Lexicon skotos: Darkness Original Word: σκότος Word Origin: Derived from the base of σκεῦος (skeuos), meaning "a vessel" or "implement," which metaphorically extends to the concept of obscurity or darkness. Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: - H2822 - חֹשֶׁךְ (choshek): Often used in the Old Testament to describe physical darkness and metaphorically for ignorance or evil (e.g., Genesis 1:2, Exodus 10:21). Usage: In the New Testament, "skotos" primarily refers to physical darkness, the absence of light. However, it is often used metaphorically to describe spiritual or moral darkness, symbolizing ignorance, sin, and separation from God. It contrasts with "phos" (light), representing truth, righteousness, and divine presence. Cultural and Historical Background: In ancient Greek culture, darkness was often associated with chaos, evil, and the unknown. This symbolism carried into Jewish thought, where darkness was seen as the domain of evil forces and a state of spiritual blindness. The New Testament writers, drawing from this cultural backdrop, used "skotos" to depict the spiritual condition of those who live apart from God's truth and light. HELPS Word-studies 4655 skótos (a neuter noun) – properly, darkness (obscurity); (figuratively) the principle of sin with its certain results. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. word Definition darkness NASB Translation darkness (30). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 4655: σκότος, σκότουσκότος, σκότου, σκοτου, ὁ (cf. σκοτία, at the beginning), from Homer down, darkness: Hebrews 12:18 Rec. (cf. WHs Appendix, p. 158; Winer's Grammar, 66 (64); B 22 (20)). STRONGS NT 4655: σκότοςσκότος, σκότους, τό, from Pindar down (see the preceding word, and σκοτία, at the beginning), the Sept. chiefly for חֹשֶׁך, darkness; a. properly: Matthew 27:45; Mark 15:33; Luke 23:44; Acts 2:20; 2 Corinthians 4:6; αὕτη ἐστιν ἡ ἐξουσία τοῦ σκότους, this is the power of (night's) darkness, i. e. it has the power of rendering men bold to commit crimes, Luke 22:53; τά κρυπτά τοῦ σκότους (see κρυπτός), 1 Corinthians 4:5; of darkened eyesight or blindness: σκότος ἐπιπίπτει ἐπί τινα i. e. on one deprived of sight, Acts 13:11; in figurative discourse, εἰ οὖν ..., τό σκότος πόσον; if the light that is in thee is darkness, darkened (i. e. if the soul has lost its perceptive power), how great is the darkness (how much more deplorable than bodily blindness), Matthew 6:23, cf. Luke 11:35. by metonymy, put for a dark place: Matthew 8:12; Matthew 22:13; Matthew 25:30 (see ἐξώτερος); ζόφος τοῦ σκότους (see ζόφος), 2 Peter 2:17; Jude 1:13. b. metaphorically, of ignorance respecting divine things and human duties, and the accompanying ungodliness and immorality, together with their consequent misery (see σκοτία): John 3:19; Acts 26:18; 2 Corinthians 6:14; Ephesians 6:12; Colossians 1:13; 1 Peter 2:9; (abstract for the concrete) persons in whom darkness becomes visible and holds sway, Ephesians 5:8; τά ἔργα τοῦ σκότους, deeds done in darkness, harmonizing with it, Romans 13:12; Ephesians 5:11; σκότους εἶναι, to be given up to the power of darkness (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 30, 5 a.), 1 Thessalonians 5:5; ἐν σκότει εἶναι, 1 Thessalonians 5:4; οἱ ἐν σκότει, Luke 1:79; Romans 2:19; ὁ λαός ὁ καθήμενος ἐν ἐκοτει, Matthew 4:16 R G T; ἐν σκότει περιπατεῖν, 1 John 1:6. From the base of skia; shadiness, i.e. Obscurity (literally or figuratively) -- darkness. see GREEK skia Englishman's Concordance Matthew 4:16 N-DNSGRK: καθήμενος ἐν σκότει φῶς εἶδεν INT: were sitting in darkness a light have seen Matthew 6:23 N-NNS Matthew 6:23 N-NNS Matthew 8:12 N-ANS Matthew 22:13 N-ANS Matthew 25:30 N-ANS Matthew 27:45 N-NNS Mark 15:33 N-NNS Luke 1:79 N-DNS Luke 11:35 N-NNS Luke 22:53 N-GNS Luke 23:44 N-NNS John 3:19 N-ANS Acts 2:20 N-ANS Acts 13:11 N-NNS Acts 26:18 N-GNS Romans 2:19 N-DNS Romans 13:12 N-GNS 1 Corinthians 4:5 N-GNS 2 Corinthians 4:6 N-GNS 2 Corinthians 6:14 N-ANS Ephesians 5:8 N-NNS Ephesians 5:11 N-GNS Ephesians 6:12 N-GNS Colossians 1:13 N-GNS Strong's Greek 4655 |
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