1418. dus-
Lexicon
dus-: Difficult, hard, bad, ill

Original Word: δυσ-
Part of Speech: Prefix
Transliteration: dus-
Pronunciation: doos
Phonetic Spelling: (doos)
Definition: Difficult, hard, bad, ill
Meaning: like un- or mis- (as in unrest, misjudge), nullifies good sense or increases bad sense of a word

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
hard, grievous.

A primary inseparable particle of uncertain derivation; used only in composition as a prefix; hard, i.e. With difficulty -- + hard, + grievous, etc.

NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origin
a prefix of uncertain derivation
Definition
like un- or mis- (as in unrest, misjudge), nullifies good sense or increases bad sense of a word.

Thayer's Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 1418: δυς(

δυς(, an inseparable prefix conveying the idea of difficulty, opposition, injuriousness or the like, and corresponding to our mis-, un- (Curtius, § 278); opposed to εὖ.

Topical Lexicon
Word Origin: A prefix in Greek, δυσ- is derived from the Greek language, often used to denote difficulty, badness, or hardship.

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for the Greek prefix δυσ-, the concept of difficulty or adversity is expressed in Hebrew through various words and phrases. Some related Hebrew entries that convey similar meanings include:

Strong's Hebrew 7186: קָשֶׁה (qasheh) • meaning "hard" or "difficult."
Strong's Hebrew 7451: רַע (ra') • meaning "bad" or "evil."
Strong's Hebrew 6040: עָנִי (ani) • meaning "affliction" or "poverty."

These Hebrew words capture the essence of hardship and adversity, similar to the function of the Greek prefix δυσ- in the New Testament.

Usage: In the New Testament, δυσ- is used as a prefix in various compound words to indicate a negative or adverse condition. It is not a standalone word but modifies the meaning of the words it precedes.

Context: The prefix δυσ- appears in several compound words throughout the New Testament, each time adding a layer of meaning that suggests difficulty or adversity. This prefix is integral in understanding the nuanced meanings of these words, as it often highlights the challenges or negative aspects associated with them. For example, in the context of the New Testament, words prefixed with δυσ- might describe situations of spiritual or moral difficulty, emphasizing the struggles faced by individuals or communities.

The use of δυσ- can be seen in words like δυσβάστακτος (dysbastaktos), meaning "hard to bear" or "burdensome," as found in Matthew 23:4, where Jesus criticizes the Pharisees for placing heavy burdens on others. Another example is δυσνόητος (dysnoētos), meaning "hard to understand," which appears in 2 Peter 3:16, referring to the complexity of Paul's writings.

These examples illustrate how the prefix δυσ- serves to underscore the challenges inherent in certain situations or teachings, providing a deeper understanding of the text's message. The prefix is a linguistic tool that helps convey the struggles and adversities faced by early Christians, as well as the broader human experience of grappling with difficult truths and circumstances.

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