Numbers 31:43

this half belonged to the congregation: 337,500 sheep,

Study Bible

this half
The phrase "this half" refers to the division of the spoils of war. In the context of Numbers 31, the Israelites had just defeated the Midianites, and God commanded Moses to divide the plunder. The division into halves signifies fairness and obedience to divine instruction. The Hebrew root for "half" is "חֵצִי" (chetsi), which implies a precise division, underscoring the importance of order and equity in the community of God's people.

was the congregation’s share
This phrase highlights the communal aspect of the Israelite society. The "congregation" refers to the assembly of the Israelites, emphasizing that the spoils were not just for the warriors but for the entire community. The Hebrew word for "congregation" is "עֵדָה" (edah), which can also mean a witness or testimony, suggesting that the distribution of the spoils was a testimony to God's provision and justice.

337,500 sheep
The specific number of sheep indicates the abundance of the plunder and God's blessing upon His people. In ancient times, sheep were a valuable resource, providing wool, meat, and milk. The precise number reflects the meticulous record-keeping and the importance of accountability in handling God's blessings. The large number also signifies the prosperity and growth of the Israelite community under God's guidance.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites who is overseeing the distribution of the spoils of war.

2. Israelites
The congregation receiving their share of the spoils from the battle against the Midianites.

3. Midianites
The people defeated by the Israelites, whose possessions are being divided.

4. Sheep
Part of the livestock taken as spoils, representing wealth and sustenance for the Israelites.

5. The Battle
The conflict between the Israelites and the Midianites, commanded by God as a form of judgment.

Teaching Points

God's Provision
God provides for His people through various means, including the spoils of war. This reminds us to trust in His provision in our lives.

Community Sharing
The division of spoils among the congregation highlights the importance of sharing resources within the community of believers.

Obedience and Blessing
The Israelites' obedience in battle led to tangible blessings. Obedience to God can lead to spiritual and material blessings in our lives.

Stewardship
The Israelites were entrusted with resources. We are called to be good stewards of what God has given us, using it for His glory and the benefit of others.

Justice and Fairness
The fair distribution of spoils underscores the biblical principle of justice and fairness, which should guide our interactions and decisions.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the distribution of spoils in Numbers 31:43 reflect God's provision for His people, and how can we see His provision in our lives today?

2. In what ways does the concept of community sharing in this passage challenge or affirm your current approach to resources and possessions?

3. How can the principle of obedience leading to blessing be applied in your personal walk with God?

4. What steps can you take to ensure you are being a good steward of the resources God has entrusted to you?

5. How can the principles of justice and fairness seen in the distribution of spoils be applied in your workplace or community interactions?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 12
The concept of dividing spoils and God providing for His people can be connected to the Israelites leaving Egypt with wealth.

Joshua 22
The division of land and resources among the tribes of Israel after conquest parallels the distribution of spoils in Numbers 31.

1 Samuel 30
David's fair distribution of spoils after recovering from the Amalekites reflects a similar principle of sharing among the community.

Acts 4
The early church's practice of sharing possessions for the common good echoes the communal aspect of dividing spoils.