Numbers 29:4

and a tenth of an ephah with each of the seven male lambs.

Study Bible

with one male goat
The phrase "with one male goat" refers to the specific animal designated for the sin offering. In Hebrew, the word for "male goat" is "שָׂעִיר" (sa'ir), which often symbolizes strength and virility. The choice of a male goat is significant in the sacrificial system, as it represents a substitutionary atonement, where the animal bears the sin of the people. Historically, goats were common in the region and were accessible to the Israelites, making them a practical choice for offerings. The male goat, in particular, was seen as a valuable sacrifice, reflecting the seriousness of sin and the need for a worthy offering to God.

as a sin offering
The term "sin offering" in Hebrew is "חַטָּאת" (chatta'th), which denotes an offering made to atone for unintentional sins. This offering was a crucial part of the sacrificial system established by God to maintain the holiness of His people. The sin offering underscores the concept of purification and the removal of sin's defilement. It highlights the gravity of sin and the necessity of a blood sacrifice to restore the relationship between God and His people. Theologically, this points forward to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who became the perfect sin offering for humanity.

to make atonement for you
The phrase "to make atonement for you" is derived from the Hebrew word "כָּפַר" (kaphar), meaning to cover or to reconcile. Atonement involves the covering of sin and the restoration of fellowship with God. In the context of the Old Testament, atonement was achieved through the sacrificial system, which foreshadowed the complete atonement accomplished by Christ on the cross. The act of making atonement emphasizes God's mercy and His desire for reconciliation with His people. It serves as a reminder of the cost of sin and the profound love of God, who provides a means for His people to be cleansed and restored to Him.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites who received the laws and instructions from God, including the sacrificial system outlined in Numbers.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, who were given specific instructions on how to worship and offer sacrifices.

3. Tabernacle
The portable dwelling place for the divine presence, where sacrifices and offerings were made.

4. Feast of Trumpets
A significant event in the Jewish calendar, during which these offerings were made as part of the prescribed rituals.

5. Priests
The descendants of Aaron who were responsible for performing the sacrifices and maintaining the tabernacle.

Teaching Points

Understanding the Sacrificial System
The sacrificial system was a means for the Israelites to maintain a right relationship with God. It pointed to the need for atonement and foreshadowed the ultimate sacrifice of Christ.

Symbolism of the Grain Offering
The grain offering, made of fine flour mixed with oil, symbolizes dedication and thanksgiving to God. It represents the work of human hands offered back to God in gratitude.

The Role of Obedience
The detailed instructions for offerings highlight the importance of obedience in worship. God desires that His people follow His commands as an expression of their faith and trust in Him.

Christ as the Fulfillment
The offerings in the Old Testament find their fulfillment in Jesus Christ, who is the perfect and final sacrifice. This understanding should deepen our appreciation for His work on the cross.

Living Sacrifices
As believers, we are called to offer ourselves as living sacrifices, holy and pleasing to God. This involves daily surrender and commitment to His will.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the grain offering in Numbers 29:4 reflect the Israelites' relationship with God, and what can we learn from this about our own relationship with Him?

2. In what ways does the sacrificial system in the Old Testament point to the work of Jesus Christ in the New Testament?

3. How can we apply the principle of obedience seen in the sacrificial instructions to our daily walk with God?

4. What does it mean to offer ourselves as living sacrifices, and how can we practically live this out in our lives today?

5. How can understanding the symbolism of the grain offering enhance our worship and gratitude towards God?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 23
Provides a broader context for the Feast of Trumpets and the various offerings required during this time.

Hebrews 10
Discusses the fulfillment of the sacrificial system through Jesus Christ, emphasizing the once-for-all sacrifice that replaces the need for continual offerings.

Exodus 29
Details the consecration of the priests and the importance of offerings in maintaining a relationship with God.

Psalm 51
Highlights the importance of a contrite heart over ritual sacrifices, pointing to the deeper spiritual significance behind the offerings.