Judges 21:7

What should we do about wives for the survivors, since we have sworn by the LORD not to give them our daughters in marriage?"

Study Bible

How can we provide wives
This phrase reflects a deep concern for the continuity and survival of the tribe of Benjamin. The Hebrew root for "provide" (נָתַן, natan) often implies giving or granting, suggesting a sense of responsibility and provision. Historically, the Israelites were a tribal society where lineage and inheritance were crucial. The question underscores the tension between the need to preserve a tribe and the constraints of an oath made before God.

for those who are left
The phrase "those who are left" refers to the remnant of the tribe of Benjamin after a devastating civil war with the other Israelite tribes. This remnant is a small group of survivors, highlighting the near extinction of one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The historical context here is critical, as it shows the gravity of inter-tribal conflict and the importance of preserving the twelve tribes as a complete entity, which was seen as essential for the fulfillment of God's promises to Israel.

since we have sworn by the LORD
Swearing by the LORD (יהוה, Yahweh) indicates a solemn vow made with the utmost seriousness. In ancient Israel, oaths were binding and breaking them was considered a grave sin. This phrase emphasizes the Israelites' commitment to their word, reflecting a deep reverence for God and the sacredness of vows. It also presents a moral and spiritual dilemma, as they must reconcile their oath with the need to ensure the survival of the tribe of Benjamin.

not to give them our daughters in marriage
This part of the verse highlights the specific content of the oath: not to intermarry with the Benjamites. The cultural and religious significance of marriage in Israel was profound, as it was not only a personal union but also a means of maintaining tribal identity and purity. The Israelites' decision to withhold their daughters was likely intended as a punishment for the Benjamites' previous transgressions, yet it now poses a challenge to the tribe's survival. This reflects the complex interplay between justice, mercy, and the need for communal restoration within the covenant community.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Israelites
The collective tribes of Israel who are dealing with the aftermath of a civil war against the tribe of Benjamin.

2. Tribe of Benjamin
One of the twelve tribes of Israel, nearly annihilated due to their involvement in a grievous sin and the subsequent war.

3. Mizpah
A place where the Israelites gathered to discuss the situation and make decisions regarding the tribe of Benjamin.

4. Civil War
The conflict between the tribe of Benjamin and the other Israelite tribes, resulting in significant loss of life and the near extinction of Benjamin.

5. Oath to the LORD
The Israelites had sworn not to give their daughters in marriage to the Benjamites, complicating the restoration of the tribe.

Teaching Points

The Consequences of Rash Vows
Making vows without considering the long-term implications can lead to difficult situations. The Israelites' oath not to give their daughters to the Benjamites created a moral and social dilemma.

Seeking God's Guidance
In times of crisis, it is crucial to seek God's wisdom and guidance rather than relying solely on human understanding and decisions.

Restoration and Reconciliation
The account highlights the importance of restoring relationships and communities, even after severe conflict. The Israelites sought ways to preserve the tribe of Benjamin despite their previous actions.

The Importance of Community
The Israelites' collective decision-making process underscores the importance of community in addressing and resolving issues.

God's Mercy and Justice
Despite the Israelites' failures, God's overarching plan includes mercy and justice, reminding us of His faithfulness even when we fall short.

Bible Study Questions

1. What can we learn from the Israelites' decision to make a vow without fully considering its consequences? How can this apply to our own decision-making processes?

2. How does the account of the tribe of Benjamin's near extinction and restoration reflect God's mercy and justice? Can you think of other biblical examples where God restores what seems lost?

3. In what ways can we seek God's guidance in resolving conflicts within our communities today? How does this compare to the Israelites' approach in Judges 21?

4. How does the concept of community play a role in the resolution of the crisis in Judges 21? What are some practical ways we can strengthen our own communities?

5. Reflect on a time when you faced a difficult decision. How did seeking God's wisdom impact the outcome? How might the Israelites' account in Judges 21 inform your approach to future decisions?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Judges 20
Provides context for the civil war and the events leading to the near destruction of the tribe of Benjamin.

Deuteronomy 23:21-23
Discusses the seriousness of making vows to the LORD, highlighting the Israelites' dilemma in Judges 21.

Genesis 34
The account of Dinah and Shechem, which also involves inter-tribal marriage issues and vows.

1 Samuel 14:24-45
Another instance where a rash vow leads to unintended consequences, similar to the Israelites' oath in Judges 21.

Romans 12:19
Encourages believers to leave vengeance to God, contrasting with the Israelites' actions in Judges.