Joshua 18:28

Zelah, Haeleph, Jebus (that is, Jerusalem), Gibeah, and Kiriath-jearim--fourteen cities, along with their villages. This was the inheritance of the clans of the tribe of Benjamin.

Study Bible

Zelah
Zelah is a town mentioned in the territory of Benjamin. The Hebrew root of Zelah (צֶלַע) can mean "rib" or "side," suggesting a place that might have been on the side of a hill or a ridge. Historically, Zelah is significant as the burial place of King Saul and his family (2 Samuel 21:14). This connection to Saul, the first king of Israel, highlights the town's importance in Israel's early monarchy and the tribe of Benjamin's royal heritage.

Haeleph
Haeleph is a lesser-known location, and its exact site remains uncertain. The name Haeleph (הָאֵלֶף) could be derived from a root meaning "thousand" or "chief," possibly indicating a place of leadership or a significant population center. This reflects the organizational structure of ancient Israel, where towns and cities often served as administrative or military hubs.

Jebus (that is, Jerusalem)
Jebus is the ancient name for Jerusalem, a city of profound significance throughout biblical history. The Jebusites were the original inhabitants, and the city's capture by King David marked a pivotal moment in Israel's history (2 Samuel 5:6-9). The name "Jerusalem" (יְרוּשָׁלַם) is often interpreted as "foundation of peace," though its etymology is complex. Jerusalem's central role as the spiritual and political heart of Israel underscores its enduring legacy as a city of divine promise and human aspiration.

Gibeah
Gibeah, meaning "hill" in Hebrew (גִּבְעָה), was a prominent city in Benjamin's territory. It is notably associated with King Saul, who made it his capital (1 Samuel 10:26). Gibeah's strategic location on a hill made it a significant military and administrative center. The city's history, including the tragic events in Judges 19-21, serves as a reminder of the moral and social challenges faced by the Israelites.

Kiriath
Kiriath, meaning "city" or "town" (קִרְיַת), is a common prefix in place names, indicating a settlement or community. The specific Kiriath mentioned here is not further identified, but the term reflects the organized settlement patterns of ancient Israel. The use of "Kiriath" highlights the communal and structured nature of Israelite society, where cities served as focal points for worship, governance, and daily life.

fourteen cities, along with their villages
The mention of "fourteen cities, along with their villages" emphasizes the comprehensive nature of the inheritance allotted to the tribe of Benjamin. The number fourteen, a multiple of seven, often symbolizes completeness or perfection in biblical numerology. This allocation reflects God's provision and the fulfillment of His promises to the tribes of Israel, ensuring each had a place to dwell and prosper.

This was the inheritance of the clans of the tribe of Benjamin
The phrase underscores the divine allotment of land to the tribe of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The term "inheritance" (נַחֲלָה) signifies a gift or possession, often with spiritual connotations of divine favor and covenantal promise. The tribe of Benjamin, though small, played a crucial role in Israel's history, producing significant leaders like King Saul and the Apostle Paul. This inheritance highlights God's faithfulness in providing for His people and the unique role each tribe played in the unfolding of His redemptive plan.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Zelah
A city within the territory of Benjamin, mentioned in the context of the tribe's inheritance.

2. Haeleph
Another city in Benjamin's territory, though not much is known about it.

3. Jebus (Jerusalem)
Originally a Jebusite city, it later became the capital of Israel under King David.

4. Gibeah
Known for its association with King Saul, Israel's first king, and the infamous incident in Judges 19-21.

5. Kiriath
A city included in the inheritance of Benjamin, though specific details are sparse.

Teaching Points

God's Faithfulness in Inheritance
The allocation of land to the tribes of Israel, including Benjamin, demonstrates God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

Significance of Jerusalem
As the city of peace and God's chosen dwelling place, Jerusalem holds a central role in biblical prophecy and eschatology. Believers are called to pray for the peace of Jerusalem and recognize its spiritual significance.

Lessons from Gibeah
The account of Gibeah serves as a warning against moral decay and the consequences of turning away from God's laws. It underscores the need for godly leadership and personal integrity.

Unity and Diversity in the Body of Christ
Just as the tribe of Benjamin had a unique role within the nation of Israel, each believer has a unique role within the body of Christ. We are called to work together in unity, respecting the diversity of gifts and callings.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the allocation of land to the tribe of Benjamin reflect God's faithfulness to His promises?

2. In what ways does the city of Jerusalem play a significant role in both the Old and New Testaments?

3. What lessons can we learn from the account of Gibeah about the importance of moral integrity and leadership?

4. How can we apply the concept of unity and diversity within the tribe of Benjamin to our local church community?

5. How does understanding the historical and spiritual significance of these cities enhance our reading of the Bible and our walk with God?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Jerusalem's Significance
Jerusalem, or Jebus, is central throughout the Bible, becoming the political and spiritual center of Israel. It is frequently mentioned in the Psalms and prophetic books as the city of God.

Gibeah's Dark History
The events in Judges 19-21 highlight the moral decline of Israel and serve as a backdrop for the need for righteous leadership, which is later fulfilled in the monarchy.

Tribe of Benjamin
The tribe's role in Israel's history is significant, with notable figures like King Saul and the Apostle Paul (Philippians 3:5).