Genesis 44:20

And we answered, 'We have an elderly father and a younger brother, the child of his old age. The boy's brother is dead. He is the only one of his mother's sons left, and his father loves him.'

Study Bible

And we answered
This phrase indicates a response, suggesting a dialogue or conversation. In the context of Genesis, this is part of the brothers' explanation to Joseph, who is still unrecognized by them. The Hebrew root for "answered" is "עָנָה" (anah), which often implies a thoughtful or considered response. This reflects the gravity and sincerity of the brothers' situation as they attempt to convey their family dynamics to the Egyptian ruler.

We have an aged father
The mention of an "aged father" highlights the respect and reverence for Jacob, their patriarch. The Hebrew word for "aged" is "זָקֵן" (zaqen), which not only denotes physical age but also wisdom and authority. In ancient Near Eastern culture, elders were highly esteemed, and their well-being was a priority for the family. This underscores the brothers' concern for their father's emotional state.

and a young brother
The "young brother" refers to Benjamin, the youngest son of Jacob and Rachel. The Hebrew word "קָטָן" (katan) means small or young, emphasizing Benjamin's vulnerability and the special affection he receives from his father. This detail is crucial in understanding the familial tensions and the protective instincts of the brothers, especially in the context of Joseph's earlier disappearance.

the child of his old age
This phrase underscores the special bond between Jacob and Benjamin. The Hebrew "יֶלֶד זְקֻנִים" (yeled zequnim) can be translated as "child of old age," indicating a child born when the parent is advanced in years. Such children were often seen as particularly precious, a sentiment that is evident in Jacob's deep love for Benjamin, reminiscent of his love for Joseph.

His brother is dead
This statement refers to Joseph, whom the brothers believe to be dead. The Hebrew "מֵת" (met) simply means dead, but it carries the weight of loss and unresolved guilt for the brothers. Historically, this reflects the brothers' long-held deception and the emotional burden they carry, believing they are responsible for Joseph's presumed death.

and he alone is left of his mother's sons
This highlights Benjamin's unique position as the only remaining son of Rachel, Jacob's beloved wife. The Hebrew "לְבַדּוֹ" (levaddo) means "alone," emphasizing his singular importance to Jacob. This familial detail is critical in understanding the brothers' fear of causing further grief to their father by losing Benjamin.

and his father loves him
The love Jacob has for Benjamin is a central theme in this narrative. The Hebrew "אָהַב" (ahav) means to love, indicating deep affection and attachment. This love is not just paternal but also a reflection of Jacob's enduring love for Rachel. It sets the stage for the brothers' desperate plea to protect Benjamin, knowing the potential heartbreak his loss would cause their father.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Judah
- One of Jacob's sons, who is speaking to Joseph in this passage. He is advocating for his brother Benjamin.

2. Joseph
- The governor of Egypt, who is testing his brothers' integrity and repentance.

3. Benjamin
- The youngest son of Jacob, beloved by his father, and the only remaining son of Rachel.

4. Jacob (Israel)
- The aged father of the twelve tribes of Israel, deeply attached to Benjamin after losing Joseph.

5. Egypt
- The land where Joseph has risen to power and where this interaction takes place.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Family Bonds
The account emphasizes the deep emotional connections within a family and the lengths to which family members will go to protect one another.

The Consequences of Favoritism
Jacob's favoritism towards Joseph and Benjamin creates tension and jealousy among the brothers, serving as a cautionary tale about the dangers of unequal treatment.

Repentance and Redemption
Judah's willingness to speak on behalf of Benjamin shows a transformation from his earlier actions, illustrating the power of repentance and change.

God's Sovereignty in Trials
The unfolding events demonstrate God's hand in using trials to bring about growth, reconciliation, and the fulfillment of His promises.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Judah's advocacy for Benjamin reflect a change in his character from earlier chapters?

2. In what ways does Jacob's favoritism towards Benjamin mirror his earlier relationship with Joseph, and what lessons can we learn from this?

3. How does the theme of family loyalty in Genesis 44:20 relate to the broader biblical account of God's covenant with Israel?

4. What can we learn about God's sovereignty and purpose in the trials faced by Joseph and his brothers?

5. How does the account of Joseph and his brothers encourage us to seek reconciliation and forgiveness in our own relationships?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 37:3-4
- This passage describes Jacob's favoritism towards Joseph, which parallels his love for Benjamin, highlighting the theme of favoritism and its consequences.

Genesis 42:36-38
- Jacob's reluctance to send Benjamin to Egypt reflects his fear of losing another beloved son, showing the depth of his attachment.

Genesis 43:8-9
- Judah's pledge to protect Benjamin foreshadows his role as a leader and advocate, which is fulfilled in Genesis 44:20.

Genesis 45:1-3
- Joseph's eventual revelation to his brothers ties back to this moment of testing and reconciliation.