◄ 2 Chronicles 20 ►
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Summary War against Jehoshaphat 2 Chronicles 20 exemplifies that our battles belong to the Lord and the victory is His. No matter how overwhelming the circumstances may seem, when we turn to God in faith, worship, and obedience, He works miraculously in our favor. It's a call to trust in God's sovereignty and His love for His people. Verses 1-4: Threat and Prayer Jehoshaphat learns of a vast army of Moabites, Ammonites, and Meunites marching against him. Alarmed, he resolves to inquire of the Lord and proclaims a fast throughout all Judah, leading the nation in seeking help from God. Verses 5-12: Jehoshaphat's Plea to God Jehoshaphat prays in the temple, recounting God's past deeds and expressing his faith in God's ability to save them from their enemies. He concludes by affirming their dependence on God for deliverance. Verses 13-17: The Prophecy of Jahaziel Jahaziel, a Levite, prophesies by the Spirit of the Lord, assuring the people that the battle is not theirs but God’s. He tells them to march against their enemies, but not to fear, as God will be with them. Verses 18-23: Victory through Praise Jehoshaphat and the people bow in worship, with the Levites leading in praise. As they begin to sing and praise, God sets ambushes against the enemy armies, leading to their self-destruction. Verses 24-30: The Aftermath Jehoshaphat and his people find their enemies dead and collect abundant plunder. They return to Jerusalem with joy, praising God for the victory. The fear of God falls on surrounding kingdoms, and Jehoshaphat’s reign is peaceful. Verses 31-37: Jehoshaphat's Later Reign The chapter concludes with a brief zzz of Jehoshaphat's reign, including his alliance with King Jehoram of Israel, which is deemed unwise by the author. 2 Chronicles 20 showcases a pivotal moment in the reign of Jehoshaphat, king of Judah. Faced with a vast enemy force, Jehoshaphat turns to the Lord in prayer and fasting, leading his people in seeking divine guidance. This chapter is a profound testament to the power of faith, prayer, and obedience to God’s command. Teaching Points Jehoshaphat's Fear and Faith Jehoshaphat was alarmed and set his face to seek the LORD (2 Chronicles 20:3). Despite his fear, Jehoshaphat's first response was to seek God, demonstrating that faith can coexist with fear. Corporate Prayer and Fasting Jehoshaphat proclaimed a fast for all Judah, and they gathered to seek help from the LORD (2 Chronicles 20:4). This highlights the power of communal prayer and fasting in times of crisis. Acknowledging God's Sovereignty In his prayer, Jehoshaphat acknowledges God's power and past faithfulness (2 Chronicles 20:6-9). Recognizing God's sovereignty is crucial in building our trust in Him. God's Assurance through Jahaziel Do not be afraid or discouraged because of this vast army. For the battle is not yours, but God's (2 Chronicles 20:15). God reassures His people that He will fight for them. Worship as Warfare The Levites stood up to praise the LORD with a very loud voice (2 Chronicles 20:19). Worship becomes a weapon in spiritual battles. Victory through Obedience and Faith As they began to sing and praise, the LORD set ambushes against their enemies (2 Chronicles 20:22). Obedience and faith in God's promises lead to victory. Practical Applications Seek God First In times of trouble, prioritize seeking God through prayer and fasting, just as Jehoshaphat did. Engage in Corporate Prayer Gather with fellow believers to pray and seek God's guidance and intervention. Remember God's Faithfulness Reflect on past instances of God's faithfulness to strengthen your faith in current challenges. Worship in the Midst of Trials Use worship as a means to focus on God's power and presence, even when circumstances seem dire. Trust in God's Promises Hold onto God's assurances and trust that He is fighting on your behalf. People 1. Jehoshaphat Jehoshaphat was the king of Judah who sought the Lord's guidance when faced with a vast army. His name in Hebrew, יְהוֹשָׁפָט (Yehoshafat), means "Yahweh has judged." He led the people in prayer and fasting, demonstrating his reliance on God. 2. Jehaziel Jehaziel was a Levite and a prophet who delivered God's message of assurance to Jehoshaphat and the people of Judah. His name in Hebrew, יְחֲזִיאֵל (Yehazi'el), means "God sees." He proclaimed that the battle belonged to the Lord. 3. Ahab Although not directly involved in the events of 2 Chronicles 20, Ahab is mentioned in the context of Jehoshaphat's earlier alliance with him. Ahab was the king of Israel, known for his idolatry and opposition to God's prophets. 4. Ammonites, Moabites, and Meunites These groups formed the coalition of enemies that came against Judah. The Ammonites and Moabites were descendants of Lot, while the Meunites are less clearly identified but were likely a group from the region of Edom. 5. Levites The Levites, specifically from the Kohathites and Korahites, played a significant role in leading worship and praise to God during the crisis. Their involvement highlights the importance of worship in seeking divine intervention. 6. Asaph Asaph is not directly mentioned in this chapter, but the sons of Asaph are referenced as part of the Levitical singers. Asaph was a prominent figure in the temple worship, and his descendants continued his legacy. Places 1. Moab Moab is a region located east of the Dead Sea. The Moabites were descendants of Lot and often in conflict with Israel. In 2 Chronicles 20, the Moabites form part of the coalition against Judah. 2. Ammon Ammon is another region east of the Jordan River, inhabited by the Ammonites, also descendants of Lot. They join forces with Moab and others to attack Judah. 3. Mount Seir This is the mountainous region inhabited by the Edomites, descendants of Esau. The people of Mount Seir are part of the alliance against Judah in this chapter. 4. En Gedi En Gedi is an oasis on the western shore of the Dead Sea. It is mentioned as a location where the enemy coalition was advancing towards Judah. 5. Jerusalem The capital city of Judah, where King Jehoshaphat and the people of Judah gather to seek the Lord's help against the invading forces. Jerusalem is central to the narrative as the place of prayer and divine intervention. 6. Tekoa A town in Judah, south of Jerusalem. The people of Judah go out to the wilderness of Tekoa to face the enemy, following God's instructions. 7. Wilderness of Jeruel This is the location where God instructs Jehoshaphat and the people of Judah to position themselves to witness the deliverance He will provide. The exact location is not well-defined, but it is part of the broader wilderness area near Tekoa. Events 1. The Threat of Invasion Jehoshaphat is informed of a great multitude coming against him from Edom, beyond the sea. The Hebrew term "הֲמוֹן" (hamon) indicates a large, tumultuous crowd or army. (2 Chronicles 20:1-2) 2. Jehoshaphat Seeks the LORD Alarmed, Jehoshaphat resolves to inquire of the LORD and proclaims a fast for all Judah. The Hebrew word "דָּרַשׁ" (darash) implies seeking with care and diligence. (2 Chronicles 20:3) 3. Judah Gathers to Seek Help The people of Judah come together to seek help from the LORD. The gathering emphasizes communal reliance on God. (2 Chronicles 20:4) 4. Jehoshaphat's Prayer Standing in the assembly, Jehoshaphat prays, acknowledging God's sovereignty and past deliverances. He appeals to God's covenant and promises. (2 Chronicles 20:5-12) 5. Prophecy of Jahaziel The Spirit of the LORD comes upon Jahaziel, who assures the people that the battle is God's, not theirs. The Hebrew "רוּחַ" (ruach) signifies the Spirit's empowering presence. (2 Chronicles 20:14-17) 6. Worship and Praise Jehoshaphat and the people bow down in worship, and the Levites stand to praise the LORD with a loud voice. The Hebrew "הָלַל" (halal) means to praise or boast in God. (2 Chronicles 20:18-19) 7. March to the Battlefield Early the next morning, they go out to the wilderness of Tekoa. Jehoshaphat encourages them to have faith in the LORD and His prophets. (2 Chronicles 20:20) 8. Singers Lead the Army Appointing singers to praise the LORD, they lead the army, singing, "Give thanks to the LORD, for His loving devotion endures forever." The Hebrew "חֶסֶד" (chesed) refers to God's steadfast love. (2 Chronicles 20:21) 9. Divine Ambush As they begin to sing and praise, the LORD sets ambushes against the invading armies, causing them to destroy one another. (2 Chronicles 20:22-23) 10. Victory and Spoils Judah finds the enemy defeated and gathers abundant spoils for three days. The Hebrew "שָׁלָל" (shalal) denotes the plunder or loot taken from the enemy. (2 Chronicles 20:24-25) 11. Return to Jerusalem with Joy They return to Jerusalem with joy, playing harps, lyres, and trumpets, and go to the house of the LORD. (2 Chronicles 20:27-28) 12. Fear of God on Surrounding Kingdoms The fear of God falls on all the kingdoms of the lands when they hear how the LORD fought against the enemies of Israel. The Hebrew "פַּחַד" (pachad) indicates a fear or dread inspired by God's power. (2 Chronicles 20:29) 13. Peace and Rest The kingdom of Jehoshaphat is at peace, for God has given him rest on every side. The Hebrew "שָׁקַט" (shaqat) means to be quiet or at rest. (2 Chronicles 20:30) Connections to Additional Scriptures Philippians 4:6-7 Be anxious for nothing, but in everything, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. Psalm 46:10 Be still and know that I am God; I will be exalted among the nations, I will be exalted in the earth. Ephesians 6:12 For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this world's darkness, and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms. Prayer Points Pray for Faith Over Fear Ask God to help you respond in faith rather than fear when facing overwhelming situations. Pray for Unity in Prayer Seek God's blessing on communal prayer efforts, asking for unity and strength among believers. Pray for a Heart of Worship Request a heart that worships God in all circumstances, recognizing His power and presence. Pray for Trust in God's Sovereignty Ask for the ability to trust in God's control and His promises, even when the outcome is uncertain. As we study 2 Chronicles 20, may we be encouraged to seek God wholeheartedly, trust in His promises, and worship Him in the midst of our battles. Bible Study Questions 1. How did Jehoshaphat react to the news of the advancing enemy army? How should we respond in situations of fear and uncertainty? 2. Discuss the significance of Jehoshaphat's prayer in verses 5-12. What can we learn from his prayer in our personal prayer life? 3. How does this chapter portray the power of collective worship and prayer? 4. Reflect on the prophecy of Jahaziel in verses 13-17. What does it teach us about God's involvement in our battles? 5. Why did God give Jehoshaphat and Judah victory when they did not physically fight the battle? 6. Discuss the role of praise in this chapter. How can praise impact our personal struggles? 7. How does the concept of "The battle belongs to the Lord" apply to contemporary life? 8. What can we learn from Jehoshaphat's approach to the crisis he faced? How can we apply this in our current struggles? 9. Reflect on the consequences of Jehoshaphat's alliance with King Jehoram. What does this teach us about the discernment of alliances and partnerships in our lives? 10. How does Jehoshaphat's reliance on God influence his leadership style? What leadership lessons can we draw from this chapter? 11. What does the chapter's outcome teach about the benefits of obedience to God? 12. How does the fear of God lead to peace, as seen in verses 29-30? 13. How can we practically express our faith and trust in God during difficult times? 14. Why is it important to remember past victories when facing present challenges? 15. In what ways can we apply the principle of divine intervention in our lives? 16. How can we cultivate an attitude of gratitude, similar to Jehoshaphat and his people after the victory? 17. How do the actions of the Moabites, Ammonites, and Meunites in this chapter reflect the consequences of pride and aggression? 18. What does Jehoshaphat's decision to inquire of the Lord before acting teach us about decision making? 19. How does this chapter encourage us to handle fear and anxiety? 20. How might Jehoshaphat's experiences in this chapter inform our understanding of God's character and His love for His people? Topics 1. Jehoshaphat's Fear and Prayer (2 Chronicles 20:1-12) Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, is informed of a vast army coming against him. In his fear, he seeks the LORD and proclaims a fast throughout Judah. He prays in the assembly, acknowledging God's sovereignty and pleading for divine intervention. The Hebrew root for "fear" (יָרֵא, yare) indicates a deep reverence and awe, which drives Jehoshaphat to seek God earnestly. 2. The Prophecy of Jahaziel (2 Chronicles 20:13-17) As the people of Judah stand before the LORD, the Spirit of the LORD comes upon Jahaziel, who delivers a prophetic message. He assures them that the battle is not theirs but God's, instructing them not to fear and to stand firm. The Hebrew word for "Spirit" (רוּחַ, ruach) signifies the breath or wind of God, indicating divine inspiration and empowerment. 3. Jehoshaphat's Worship and Faith (2 Chronicles 20:18-21) Jehoshaphat and the people of Judah respond to the prophecy with worship. The king appoints singers to praise the LORD as they go out before the army, demonstrating faith in God's promise. The Hebrew term for "worship" (שָׁחָה, shachah) means to bow down, reflecting humility and submission to God. 4. God's Deliverance (2 Chronicles 20:22-24) As the people begin to sing and praise, the LORD sets ambushes against the enemy armies, leading to their defeat. The Hebrew root for "ambushes" (אָרַב, arab) implies a strategic and unexpected attack orchestrated by God, showcasing His power and sovereignty. 5. The Plunder and Thanksgiving (2 Chronicles 20:25-30) After the victory, Jehoshaphat and his people gather an abundance of plunder. They return to Jerusalem with joy, praising God in the temple. The Hebrew word for "plunder" (שָׁלָל, shalal) indicates the spoils of war, symbolizing God's provision and blessing. 6. Jehoshaphat's Reign and Legacy (2 Chronicles 20:31-37) The chapter concludes with a summary of Jehoshaphat's reign, highlighting his faithfulness to God. However, it also notes his alliance with Ahaziah, king of Israel, which was not pleasing to God. The Hebrew root for "faithfulness" (אֱמוּנָה, emunah) conveys steadfastness and reliability, underscoring Jehoshaphat's commitment to God despite his imperfections. Themes 1. Divine Sovereignty and Human Dependence The chapter emphasizes God's supreme authority and the need for human reliance on Him. Jehoshaphat acknowledges God's power, saying, "O LORD, God of our fathers, are You not the God who is in heaven? And do You not rule over all the kingdoms of the nations?" (2 Chronicles 20:6). The Hebrew word for "rule" (מָשַׁל, mashal) underscores God's dominion over all. 2. Prayer and Fasting as Spiritual Warfare Jehoshaphat calls for a fast and seeks the Lord through prayer, demonstrating the importance of spiritual disciplines in facing challenges. "Jehoshaphat stood before the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem in the house of the LORD before the new courtyard" (2 Chronicles 20:5). The act of fasting (צוּם, tsom) is a humbling of oneself before God. 3. Community and Unity in Seeking God The people of Judah come together to seek the Lord, highlighting the power of communal prayer and unity. "All Judah was standing before the LORD with their infants, their wives, and their children" (2 Chronicles 20:13). The Hebrew word for "standing" (עָמַד, amad) implies a steadfast and united posture. 4. Prophetic Guidance and Assurance God provides direction and reassurance through the prophet Jahaziel, illustrating the role of prophecy in guiding God's people. "Do not be afraid or discouraged because of this vast army. For the battle is not yours, but God’s" (2 Chronicles 20:15). The Hebrew word for "battle" (מִלְחָמָה, milchamah) signifies a conflict that God Himself will fight. 5. Faith and Obedience Jehoshaphat and the people demonstrate faith by obeying God's instructions without hesitation. "Jehoshaphat bowed facedown, and all the people of Judah and Jerusalem fell down before the LORD to worship Him" (2 Chronicles 20:18). The act of bowing (כָּרַע, kara) is a physical expression of submission and trust. 6. Worship as a Weapon The chapter shows the power of worship in spiritual battles, as the people sing praises to God before the victory. "Give thanks to the LORD, for His loving devotion endures forever" (2 Chronicles 20:21). The Hebrew word for "loving devotion" (חֶסֶד, chesed) reflects God's steadfast love and mercy. 7. Divine Deliverance and Victory God miraculously delivers Judah from their enemies, underscoring His ability to save. "The LORD set ambushes against the men of Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir who had come against Judah, and they were defeated" (2 Chronicles 20:22). The Hebrew word for "ambushes" (אֹרֵב, orev) indicates God's strategic intervention. 8. Rest and Peace as a Result of Trust in God The chapter concludes with peace and rest for Judah, demonstrating the outcome of trusting in God. "And the kingdom of Jehoshaphat was at peace, for his God had given him rest on every side" (2 Chronicles 20:30). The Hebrew word for "rest" (נ֫וּחַ, nuach) signifies a state of tranquility and security provided by God. Bible Hub Chapter Summaries and Bible Study Questions