◄ 1 Corinthians 16 ►
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The Collection for the Saints (2 Corinthians 9:1–15) 1Now about the collection for the saints, you are to do as I directed the churches of Galatia: 2On the first day of every week, each of you should set aside a portion of his income, saving it up, so that when I come no collections will be needed. 3Then, on my arrival, I will send letters with those you recommend to carry your gift to Jerusalem. 4And if it is advisable for me to go also, they can travel with me. Paul’s Travel Plans (Romans 15:23–33) 5After I go through Macedonia, however, I will come to you; for I will be going through Macedonia. 6Perhaps I will stay with you awhile, or even spend the winter, so that you can help me on my journey, wherever I go. 7For I do not want to see you now only in passing; I hope to spend some time with you, if the Lord permits. 8But I will stay in Ephesus until Pentecost,a 9because a great door for effective work has opened to me, even though many oppose me. Timothy and Apollos (Philippians 2:19–30) 10If Timothy comes, see to it that he has nothing to fear while he is with you, for he is doing the work of the Lord, just as I am. 11No one, then, should treat him with contempt. Send him on his way in peace so that he can return to me, for I am expecting him along with the brothers. 12Now about our brother Apollos: I strongly urged him to go to you with the brothers. He was not at all inclined to go now, but he will go when he has the opportunity. Concluding Exhortations 13Be on the alert. Stand firm in the faith. Be men of courage. Be strong. 14Do everything in love. 15You know that Stephanas and his household were the first converts in Achaia, and they have devoted themselves to the service of the saints. Now I urge you, brothers, 16to submit to such as these, and to every fellow worker and laborer. 17I am glad that Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus have arrived, because they have supplied what was lacking from you. 18For they refreshed my spirit and yours as well. Show your appreciation, therefore, to such men. Signature and Final Greetings (Colossians 4:15–18; 2 Thessalonians 3:16–18) 19The churches in the province of Asiab send you greetings. Aquila and Priscac greet you warmly in the Lord, and so does the church that meets at their house. 20All the brothers here send you greetings. Greet one another with a holy kiss. 21This greeting is in my own hand—Paul. 22If anyone does not love the Lord, let him be under a curse. Come, O Lord!d 23The grace of the Lord Jesus be with you. 24My love be with all of you in Christ Jesus. Amen.e Footnotes: 8 a That is, Shavuot, the late spring feast of pilgrimage to Jerusalem; it is also known as the Feast of Harvest (see Exodus 23:16) or the Feast of Weeks (see Exodus 34:22). 19 b Literally in Asia; Asia was a Roman province in what is now western Turkey. 19 c Prisca is a variant of Priscilla; see Acts 18:2. 22 d Greek Marana Tha! from a transliteration of the Aramaic, an exclamation of approaching divine judgment 24 e SBL, WH, and NA do not include Amen. Berean Standard Bible (BSB) printed 2016, 2020, 2022, 2025 by Bible Hub and Berean.Bible. Produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, unfoldingWord, Bible Aquifer, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee. This text of God's Word has been dedicated to the public domain. Free downloads and unlimited usage available. See also the Berean Literal Bible and Berean Interlinear Bible. Bible Hub 1 Corinthians 16 Summary The Collection for the Saints Verses 1–4 – The Collection for the Saints Paul directs the church to set aside money every Sunday for the needy believers in Jerusalem, so the gift will be ready when he arrives. He plans to send trusted men from Corinth with letters of introduction, or to accompany them himself if circumstances allow. Verses 5–9 – Travel Plans and Open Doors After passing through Macedonia, Paul hopes to spend the winter in Corinth. For the moment he remains in Ephesus until Pentecost because “a great door for effective work has opened to me, and there are many adversaries.” Verses 10–12 – Brothers on Mission: Timothy & Apollos The church is to welcome Timothy without fear, for he does the Lord’s work just as Paul does. Apollos, though urged to visit Corinth, has chosen to remain in Ephesus for the time being and will come when the time is right. Verses 13–14 – Stand Firm in Faith and Love Five crisp commands: be alert, stand firm, act courageously, be strong, and do everything in love. Verses 15–18 – Stephanas and Servant Leadership Stephanas, the first convert in Achaia, along with Fortunatus and Achaicus, refreshed Paul’s spirit. The church should submit to people who devote themselves to serving the believers. Verses 19–20 – Widespread Greetings and Holy Kiss Aquila and Priscilla and the church in their house send warm greetings, as do all the believers in Asia. The Corinthians are exhorted to greet one another with a holy kiss. Verses 21–24 – Signature, Warning, Benediction Paul writes the final greeting in his own hand, adds a sober warning—“If anyone does not love the Lord, let him be under a curse”—then closes with “The grace of the Lord Jesus be with you” and a final word of love. In the final chapter of 1 Corinthians, Paul provides some practical instructions about a collection for the Jerusalem believers, details about his travel plans, and personal commendations. He also encourages the Corinthians to remain firm in the faith, demonstrating love and generosity. Historical Context Corinth sat on the Isthmus connecting mainland Greece with the Peloponnese, a thriving port renowned for trade, wealth, and immorality. Paul wrote 1 Corinthians near the end of his three-year stay in Ephesus (Acts 19:8–10; 20:31) around A.D. 55. A severe famine (cf. Acts 11:27-30) left the Jerusalem believers in need, and Paul mobilized Gentile churches to help (Romans 15:25-27; 2 Corinthians 8–9). Chapter 16 reveals how early Christians handled finances, travel, teamwork, and personal relationships. The Collection for the Jerusalem Saints (vv.1–4) • Consistent giving: “On the first day of every week” (v.2) shows that Sunday worship was already established (Acts 20:7). • Individual responsibility: “each of you.” Paul does not limit generosity to the wealthy. • Planned and proportionate: “set aside a portion, saving it up” implies intentional budgeting. The Greek phrase can mean “as he may prosper,” inviting proportional giving. • Accountability: respectable delegates carry the gift with letters (cf. 2 Corinthians 8:18-21). Transparency protects both giver and messenger. • Unity in action: Gentile believers easing Jewish poverty displays one body in Christ (Ephesians 2:11-19). Biblical Principles of Giving 1. Priority: “Honor the LORD with your wealth” (Proverbs 3:9). 2. Cheerfulness: “God loves a cheerful giver” (2 Corinthians 9:7). 3. Proportion: “Each according to your means” (Deuteronomy 16:17). 4. Secrecy vs. testimony: Though giving is private (Matthew 6:3-4), stewardship testimony can inspire others (1 Chron 29:9). 5. Eternal investment: “Store up for yourselves treasures in heaven” (Matthew 6:20). Paul’s Travel Itinerary and Ministry Mindset (vv.5–9) • Flexibility under God’s leading: Plans are conditional—“I hope… if the Lord permits” (cf. James 4:13-15). • Strategic timing: Wintering in Corinth would allow extended teaching when sea travel stops. • Spiritual discernment: An open door in Ephesus includes “many adversaries.” Opposition can signal fertile ground (Acts 19:23-41). • Partnership model: Paul envisions Corinthians sending him forward “on my way” (v.6), sharing in his mission (Philippians 4:15-16). Timothy and Apollos: Co-Workers in the Gospel (vv.10–12) Timothy, younger and timid (1 Timothy 4:12; 2 Timothy 1:7), needs a warm reception. Paul urges no contempt—leadership is about calling, not age. Apollos, eloquent and mighty in Scripture (Acts 18:24-28), chooses his own timing, showing autonomy within unity. This mutual respect models servant leadership. Standing Firm: Watchfulness, Strength, and Love (vv.13–14) • “Be on the alert” echoes Jesus’ call to stay awake spiritually (Mark 13:33). • “Stand firm in the faith” resists false teaching (Galatians 5:1). • “Act like men, be strong” underscores mature courage (Joshua 1:6). • “Let all that you do be done in love” balances boldness with kindness (Ephesians 4:15). The Household of Stephanas: Model Servants (vv.15–18) Stephanas’ family was the “firstfruits of Achaia,” likely baptized in Acts 18:8. They “devoted themselves to the service of the saints,” a phrase meaning they set themselves in permanent service. Paul urges voluntary submission to such leadership—authority flows from proven service (Matthew 20:25-28). Early Christian Networks: Greetings from Asia (vv.19–20) Aquila and Priscilla had hosted churches in Rome (Romans 16:3-5) and now in Ephesus. House churches formed the backbone of the movement. The “holy kiss” (also Romans 16:16; 1 Thessalonians 5:26) expressed pure affection and unity across social lines. Paul’s Closing Authenticated Signature and Warning (vv.21–24) Paul often dictated letters (Romans 16:22) but signed the final lines himself (2 Thessalonians 3:17). The solemn warning—“If anyone does not love the Lord, let him be under a curse. Maranatha!”—underscores that love for Christ is the non-negotiable mark of a believer. The Aramaic “Maranatha” (“Our Lord, come!”) echoes early church expectancy (Revelation 22:20). Archaeological and Cultural Insights • Corinth’s Erastus inscription (near the theater) mentions an official who paved a street “at his own expense,” matching “Erastus, the city treasurer” in Romans 16:23—likely the same man, illustrating civic engagement by believers. • Gallio’s tribunal remains in Corinth’s agora; his favorable ruling for Paul (Acts 18:12-17) paved the way for gospel stability. • In Ephesus, a massive agora and the theater (capacity 25,000) fit Luke’s account of the mob (Acts 19). Paul wrote 1 Corinthians amid that bustling environment. Connections to Other Scriptures • Giving: 2 Corinthians 8–9; Acts 4:34-35; Luke 21:1-4. • Travel plans: Acts 19–20; Romans 1:10-13. • Watchfulness: 1 Peter 5:8; 1 Thessalonians 5:6. • Love as chief virtue: John 13:34-35; Colossians 3:14. • Final curses/blessings: Deuteronomy 27–28; Galatians 1:8-9. Timeless Applications • Schedule generosity; don’t leave it to impulse. • Hold plans loosely; trust God’s open and closed doors. • Welcome and encourage younger leaders. • Blend courage with affection—truth without love hardens; love without truth softens; both together transform. • Recognize and honor quiet, consistent servants in the church. • Maintain real connections with believers beyond your local fellowship; kingdom work is always a team effort. Grace and love—the twin threads of this chapter—remain the foundation for ministry, fellowship, and personal faithfulness until the Lord returns. Connections to Additional Scriptures Generosity and Giving 2 Corinthians 9:6-7 - Remember this: Whoever sows sparingly will also reap sparingly, and whoever sows generously will also reap generously. Each one should give what he has decided in his heart to give, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver. Standing Firm in Faith Ephesians 6:13 - Therefore take up the full armor of God, so that when the day of evil comes, you will be able to stand your ground, and having done everything, to stand. Love and Unity Colossians 3:14 - And over all these virtues put on love, which is the bond of perfect unity. Teaching Points The Collection for the Saints Paul instructs the Corinthians on the collection for the Jerusalem church, emphasizing regular and proportional giving. On the first day of every week, each of you should set aside a portion of his income, saving it up, so that when I come no collections will be needed (1 Corinthians 16:2). Paul’s Travel Plans Paul shares his travel itinerary, demonstrating transparency and accountability in his ministry. I will come to you after I pass through Macedonia, for I am going through Macedonia (1 Corinthians 16:5). Encouragement and Exhortation Paul encourages the Corinthians to stand firm in their faith and act with love. Be on the alert. Stand firm in the faith. Be men of courage. Be strong. Do everything in love (1 Corinthians 16:13-14). Commendation of Fellow Workers Paul acknowledges the contributions of fellow workers like Timothy, Apollos, and the household of Stephanas, highlighting the importance of teamwork in ministry. Now, brothers, you know that the household of Stephanas were the first converts in Achaia, and they have devoted themselves to the service of the saints (1 Corinthians 16:15). Practical Applications Regular Giving Consider setting aside a portion of your income regularly to support your local church and other ministries, reflecting the principle of planned and proportional giving. Transparency in Ministry If you are involved in ministry, practice transparency and accountability in your plans and actions, following Paul's example. Stand Firm in Faith In times of trial or temptation, remember Paul's exhortation to stand firm and act with courage and love. Value Teamwork Recognize and appreciate the contributions of others in your church or ministry, fostering a spirit of collaboration and mutual support. People 1. Paul Paul is the author of 1 Corinthians, and in chapter 16, he provides final instructions and greetings to the Corinthian church. He is an apostle of Jesus Christ and a key figure in the early Christian church. 2. Timothy Paul mentions Timothy in 1 Corinthians 16:10-11, instructing the Corinthians to welcome him without fear. Timothy is a young co-worker of Paul, known for his faithfulness and dedication to the ministry. 3. Apollos In 1 Corinthians 16:12, Paul refers to Apollos, a fellow Christian teacher and preacher. Paul explains that Apollos was unwilling to visit Corinth at that time, but he would come when he had the opportunity. 4. Stephanas Stephanas is mentioned in 1 Corinthians 16:15-18 as the first convert in Achaia and a devoted servant to the saints. Paul urges the Corinthians to submit to such individuals and acknowledges the refreshment Stephanas and his household provided. 5. Fortunatus Along with Stephanas and Achaicus, Fortunatus is mentioned in 1 Corinthians 16:17-18 as someone who brought joy and refreshment to Paul. Their presence compensated for the absence of the Corinthians. 6. Achaicus Achaicus is another member of the Corinthian church mentioned in 1 Corinthians 16:17-18. He, along with Stephanas and Fortunatus, is commended for his service and the encouragement he brought to Paul. 7. Aquila and Priscilla In 1 Corinthians 16:19, Paul sends greetings from Aquila and Priscilla, a married couple who were fellow workers in Christ Jesus. They hosted a church in their home and were known for their dedication to the ministry. 8. The Household of Stephanas While not named individually, the household of Stephanas is mentioned in 1 Corinthians 16:15 as being devoted to the service of the saints. They are recognized for their commitment and leadership within the church. Places 1. Jerusalem In 1 Corinthians 16:3, Paul mentions Jerusalem as the destination for the collection he is organizing for the saints. The city holds significant importance as the center of early Christianity and the location of the original church. The Greek term used here is "Ἰερουσαλήμ" (Ierousalēm), which refers to the historic and spiritual heart of the Jewish people and the early Christian community. 2. Macedonia In 1 Corinthians 16:5, Paul states his intention to pass through Macedonia. This region in northern Greece was significant in Paul's missionary journeys, as it included important cities like Philippi and Thessalonica. The Greek term "Μακεδονία" (Makedonia) reflects the area known for its role in the spread of Christianity in Europe. 3. Ephesus In 1 Corinthians 16:8, Paul mentions that he will remain in Ephesus until Pentecost. Ephesus was a major city in Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey) and a key location for Paul's ministry. The Greek term "Ἔφεσος" (Ephesos) indicates a city known for its large Christian community and the site of significant events in the early church. 4. Achaia In 1 Corinthians 16:15, Paul refers to the household of Stephanas as the first converts in Achaia. Achaia was a region in southern Greece, encompassing cities like Corinth and Athens. The Greek term "Ἀχαΐα" (Achaia) denotes an area that was central to Paul's missionary work and the spread of the gospel in Greece. Events 1. Collection for the Saints (1 Corinthians 16:1-4) Paul instructs the Corinthians on how to collect offerings for the saints in Jerusalem. He advises them to set aside a sum of money on the first day of every week, so that no collections will need to be made when he arrives. This reflects the Greek term "λογεία" (logeia), meaning a collection or contribution. 2. Paul’s Travel Plans (1 Corinthians 16:5-9) Paul outlines his travel itinerary, expressing his intention to visit Corinth after passing through Macedonia. He plans to stay in Ephesus until Pentecost because "a great door for effective work has opened to me" (1 Corinthians 16:9). The Greek word "θύρα" (thyra) for "door" symbolizes an opportunity for ministry. 3. Timothy’s Visit (1 Corinthians 16:10-11) Paul requests that the Corinthians welcome Timothy without fear, as he is doing the Lord’s work. He emphasizes that Timothy should be treated with respect and sent on his way in peace. 4. Apollos’ Reluctance (1 Corinthians 16:12) Paul mentions that he urged Apollos to visit Corinth with the other brothers, but Apollos was unwilling at that time. The Greek term "παρακάλειν" (parakalein) used here implies a strong urging or encouragement. 5. Final Exhortations (1 Corinthians 16:13-14) Paul gives a series of exhortations: "Be on the alert. Stand firm in the faith. Be men of courage. Be strong. Do everything in love" (1 Corinthians 16:13-14). These commands emphasize vigilance, steadfastness, and love, reflecting the Greek virtues of "ἀνδρίζεσθε" (andrizesthe) meaning "act like men" or "be courageous." 6. Commendation of Stephanas and Others (1 Corinthians 16:15-18) Paul commends the household of Stephanas, who were the first converts in Achaia and have devoted themselves to serving the saints. He encourages the Corinthians to submit to such individuals and acknowledges the refreshment brought by Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus. 7. Greetings from the Churches (1 Corinthians 16:19-20) Paul sends greetings from the churches in Asia, specifically mentioning Aquila and Priscilla, who host a church in their home. He encourages the Corinthians to greet one another with a holy kiss, a customary sign of fellowship and unity. 8. Paul’s Personal Greeting and Warning (1 Corinthians 16:21-24) Paul writes a personal greeting in his own hand, emphasizing the authenticity of the letter. He warns that anyone who does not love the Lord is to be accursed, using the term "ἀνάθεμα" (anathema). He concludes with a prayer for the grace of the Lord Jesus to be with them and expresses his love for them in Christ Jesus. Lessons from 1 Corinthians 16 1. Prioritize Generosity In 1 Corinthians 16:2, Paul instructs, "On the first day of every week, each of you should set aside a portion of your income, saving it up, so that when I come no collections will be needed." This verse reminds us of the importance of regular, intentional giving. By setting aside a portion of our income, we not only support the work of the church but also cultivate a spirit of generosity that reflects God's own giving nature. Consider how you can incorporate this practice into your weekly routine, making generosity a joyful habit. 2. Plan with Purpose Paul's travel plans in 1 Corinthians 16:5-9 demonstrate the value of purposeful planning. He writes, "I will come to you after I pass through Macedonia, for I am going through Macedonia." His strategic approach to ministry shows us that planning is not just practical but also spiritual. By aligning our plans with God's will, we can be more effective in our endeavors. Take time to prayerfully plan your days, seeking God's guidance in all your decisions. 3. Embrace Flexibility While planning is important, Paul also shows us the need for flexibility. In 1 Corinthians 16:7, he says, "For I do not want to see you now only in passing; I hope to spend some time with you, if the Lord permits." This teaches us to hold our plans loosely, allowing room for God's direction. Life is full of unexpected turns, and being open to change can lead to greater opportunities for growth and service. 4. Stand Firm in Faith Paul's exhortation in 1 Corinthians 16:13 is clear: "Be on the alert. Stand firm in the faith. Be men of courage. Be strong." This call to vigilance and strength is a reminder that our faith is an active, living force. In a world that often challenges our beliefs, standing firm requires courage and conviction. Equip yourself daily with Scripture and prayer to remain steadfast in your faith journey. 5. Act in Love In 1 Corinthians 16:14, Paul succinctly states, "Do everything in love." This simple yet profound command underscores the centrality of love in the Christian life. Whether in our interactions with others or in our personal pursuits, love should be the driving force. Reflect on how you can infuse love into your daily actions, making it the hallmark of your life. 6. Value Teamwork Paul's mention of fellow workers like Timothy and Apollos in 1 Corinthians 16:10-12 highlights the importance of collaboration in ministry. "If Timothy comes, see to it that he has nothing to fear while he is with you, for he is doing the Lord’s work, just as I am." We are reminded that we are not alone in our mission. Embrace the strength of community and teamwork, supporting and encouraging one another in the faith. 7. Recognize the Power of Encouragement In 1 Corinthians 16:18, Paul acknowledges the refreshing presence of Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus, saying, "For they have refreshed my spirit and yours as well." Encouragement is a powerful tool that can uplift and inspire those around us. Make it a point to offer words of encouragement to others, recognizing the impact it can have on their spiritual journey. 8. Honor Faithful Service Paul's commendation of the household of Stephanas in 1 Corinthians 16:15-16, "They have devoted themselves to the service of the saints," teaches us to honor those who serve faithfully. Recognizing and appreciating the dedication of others not only encourages them but also sets an example for us to follow. Look for ways to acknowledge and support those who labor in love within your community. 9. Cultivate a Spirit of Hospitality In 1 Corinthians 16:19, Paul sends greetings from the churches of Asia and mentions Aquila and Priscilla, who host a church in their home. This highlights the importance of hospitality in the early church. Opening our homes and hearts to others fosters community and strengthens bonds. Consider how you can practice hospitality, creating a welcoming environment for fellowship and growth. 10. Keep Christ at the Center Finally, Paul concludes with a heartfelt reminder in 1 Corinthians 16:22-24, "If anyone does not love the Lord, let him be under a curse. Come, O Lord! The grace of the Lord Jesus be with you." Keeping Christ at the center of our lives is paramount. His grace is the foundation of our faith and the source of our strength. Let every aspect of your life reflect your love for Christ, eagerly anticipating His return. Topics 1. The Collection for the Saints (1 Corinthians 16:1-4) Paul instructs the Corinthians on how to organize a collection for the saints in Jerusalem. He advises them to set aside a sum of money on the first day of every week, so that no collections will need to be made when he arrives. The Greek term used for "collection" (λογεία, logeia) implies a gathering or contribution, emphasizing the communal effort in supporting fellow believers. 2. Paul’s Travel Plans (1 Corinthians 16:5-9) Paul outlines his intended travel itinerary, expressing his desire to visit Corinth after passing through Macedonia. He mentions his current stay in Ephesus, where a "great and effective door" (θύρα, thyra) has opened for his work, despite many adversaries. This highlights the opportunities and challenges in his ministry. 3. Instructions Concerning Timothy (1 Corinthians 16:10-11) Paul provides guidance on how the Corinthians should receive Timothy, ensuring that he is treated without fear and with respect. The emphasis is on Timothy's work for the Lord, paralleling Paul's own efforts. The Greek word for "fear" (φόβος, phobos) suggests a concern for Timothy's well-being and acceptance. 4. Apollos’ Visit (1 Corinthians 16:12) Paul explains that Apollos was unwilling to visit Corinth at that time, but he will come when he has the opportunity. This reflects the autonomy and mutual respect among early church leaders. 5. Final Exhortations (1 Corinthians 16:13-14) Paul gives a series of exhortations: "Be on the alert, stand firm in the faith, be men of courage, be strong. Do everything in love." The Greek term for "stand firm" (στήκετε, stēkete) conveys the idea of steadfastness and perseverance in faith. 6. Commendation of Stephanas and Others (1 Corinthians 16:15-18) Paul commends the household of Stephanas for their dedication to serving the saints and urges the Corinthians to submit to such individuals. The Greek word for "devoted" (ἔταξαν, etaxan) indicates a deliberate commitment to ministry. 7. Greetings and Final Instructions (1 Corinthians 16:19-24) Paul sends greetings from the churches of Asia, Aquila and Priscilla, and all the brothers. He emphasizes the importance of greeting one another with a holy kiss, a sign of fellowship and unity. The chapter concludes with a personal note written by Paul, expressing his love for the Corinthians in Christ Jesus. The Greek term for "love" (ἀγάπη, agapē) underscores the selfless, unconditional nature of Christian love. Themes 1. Collection for the Saints Paul addresses the collection for the saints in Jerusalem, emphasizing the importance of generosity and communal support. He instructs the Corinthians to set aside a sum of money on the first day of every week (1 Corinthians 16:2). The Greek term "λογία" (logia) refers to a collection or contribution, highlighting the organized and intentional nature of this giving. 2. Plans for Travel and Ministry Paul outlines his travel plans, expressing his desire to visit Corinth after passing through Macedonia (1 Corinthians 16:5-7). He emphasizes the importance of being flexible and open to God's leading, as seen in his statement, "if the Lord permits" (1 Corinthians 16:7). The Greek word "θέλω" (thelō) indicates a desire or intention, underscoring Paul's submission to God's will. 3. Encouragement to Stand Firm Paul exhorts the Corinthians to "be on the alert, stand firm in the faith, be men of courage, be strong" (1 Corinthians 16:13). The Greek word "στήκω" (stēkō) for "stand firm" conveys the idea of perseverance and steadfastness in the face of challenges, encouraging believers to remain unwavering in their faith. 4. Love and Unity Paul urges the Corinthians to do everything in love (1 Corinthians 16:14). The Greek word "ἀγάπη" (agapē) for love signifies selfless, sacrificial love, which is foundational for Christian unity and community. This theme ties back to the broader message of love throughout the epistle. 5. Commendation of Fellow Workers Paul commends several individuals, including Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus, for their service and dedication to the ministry (1 Corinthians 16:15-18). The Greek term "διακονία" (diakonia) for service highlights the importance of serving others within the body of Christ and recognizing those who labor faithfully. 6. Final Greetings and Benediction Paul concludes with personal greetings and a benediction, expressing his love for the Corinthians in Christ Jesus (1 Corinthians 16:19-24). The Greek word "ἀσπασμός" (aspasmos) for greeting reflects the warmth and affection within the Christian community, emphasizing the relational aspect of the faith. Prayer Points Pray for a generous heart and the wisdom to manage resources in a way that honors God and supports His work. Ask for guidance and strength to stand firm in your faith, especially in challenging times. Seek God's blessing on your church community, that it may be characterized by love, unity, and effective teamwork. Pray for the leaders and workers in your church, that they may serve with integrity, transparency, and dedication. Answering Tough Questions 1. 1 Corinthians 16:1 – Is there any historical or archaeological evidence for Paul’s collection for the saints, or does it solely rely on biblical claims? 2. 1 Corinthians 16:5–6 – Why do Paul’s stated travel plans seem to conflict with the timelines and routes suggested by Acts? 3. 1 Corinthians 16:8–9 – If Paul faced “many adversaries” in Ephesus, where is the external historical evidence of this hostility? 4. 1 Corinthians 16:12 – Why is Apollos unwilling or delayed to visit Corinth, and does this contradiction with other New Testament accounts undermine biblical consistency? 5. 1 Corinthians 16:19 – Is there any credible extra-biblical source confirming Aquila and Prisca’s house church, or is this couple’s ministry only found in Scripture? Bible Study Discussion Questions 1. What principles of Christian giving can you glean from Paul's instructions about the collection for Jerusalem? 2. How does Paul's approach to planning his travels reflect his submission to God's will? 3. What can we learn from Paul's attitudes towards Timothy and Apollos in this chapter? 4. How do Paul's final admonitions inspire you to live out your Christian faith? 5. Why do you think Paul particularly commends Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus? 6. How does this chapter challenge your understanding and practice of Christian fellowship? 7. What lessons can we draw from Paul's benediction and his affirmation of love for those who love the Lord? 8. How does Paul's final encouragement to "stand firm in the faith" resonate with you? 9. What are some ways in which we can "do everything in love" as Paul exhorts? 10. How can we honor and acknowledge individuals who work hard in service of the Lord today? 11. What are some ways in which you can be more purposeful in giving, like the Corinthians were instructed to be? 12. How should we respond when our plans are interrupted or changed as Christians? 13. What practical steps can we take to ensure we are "alert and stand firm in the faith" as Paul advises? 14. In your daily life, how can you embody the virtues of courage and strength as a believer? 15. What does it mean for you to "do everything in love"? 16. How can you support and encourage those in your community who are serving the Lord? 17. Why do you think Paul emphasized the importance of everyone who loves the Lord? 18. In what ways can we apply Paul's closing greeting of "Maranatha" (Our Lord, come!) in our daily living? 19. How can we continue to give generously even in times of financial hardship? 20. How does understanding the context of Paul's letters to the Corinthians help us apply his teachings to our lives today? Bible Hub Chapter Summaries and Bible Study Questions