◄ Revelation 9 ►
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The Fifth Trumpet 1Then the fifth angel sounded his trumpet, and I saw a star that had fallen from heaven to earth, and it was given the key to the pit of the Abyss. 2The star opened the pit of the Abyss, and smoke rose out of it like the smoke of a great furnace, and the sun and the air were darkened by the smoke from the pit. 3And out of the smoke, locusts descended on the earth, and they were given power like that of the scorpions of the earth. 4They were told not to harm the grass of the earth or any plant or tree, but only those who did not have the seal of God on their foreheads. 5The locusts were not given power to kill them, but only to torment them for five months, and their torment was like the stinging of a scorpion. 6In those days men will seek death and will not find it; they will long to die, but death will escape them. 7And the locusts looked like horses prepared for battle, with something like crowns of gold on their heads; and their faces were like the faces of men. 8They had hair like that of women, and teeth like those of lions. 9They also had breastplates like breastplates of iron, and the sound of their wings was like the roar of many horses and chariots rushing into battle. 10They had tails with stingers like scorpions, which had the power to injure people for five months. 11They were ruled by a king, the angel of the Abyss. His name in Hebrew is Abaddon,a and in Greek it is Apollyon.b 12The first woe has passed. Behold, two woes are still to follow. The Sixth Trumpet 13Then the sixth angel sounded his trumpet, and I heard a voice from the four horns of the golden altar before God 14saying to the sixth angel with the trumpet, “Release the four angels who are bound at the great river Euphrates.” 15So the four angels who had been prepared for this hour and day and month and year were released to kill a third of mankind. 16And the number of mounted troops was two hundred million; I heard their number. 17Now the horses and riders in my vision looked like this: The riders had breastplates the colors of fire, sapphire, and sulfur. The heads of the horses were like the heads of lions, and out of their mouths proceeded fire, smoke, and sulfur. 18A third of mankind was killed by the three plagues of fire, smoke, and sulfur that proceeded from their mouths. 19For the power of the horses was in their mouths and in their tails; indeed, their tails were like snakes, having heads with which to inflict harm. 20Now the rest of mankind who were not killed by these plagues still did not repent of the works of their hands. They did not stop worshiping demons and idols of gold, silver, bronze, stone, and wood, which cannot see or hear or walk. 21Furthermore, they did not repent of their murder, sorcery, sexual immorality, and theft. Footnotes: 11 a Abaddon means Destruction. 11 b Apollyon means Destroyer. Berean Standard Bible (BSB) printed 2016, 2020, 2022, 2025 by Bible Hub and Berean.Bible. Produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, unfoldingWord, Bible Aquifer, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee. This text of God's Word has been dedicated to the public domain. Free downloads and unlimited usage available. See also the Berean Literal Bible and Berean Interlinear Bible. Bible Hub Revelation 9 Summary The Fifth and Sixth Trumpets Verses 1–2 – The Fallen Star Opens the Abyss John sees a star that has already fallen from heaven; the star is given a key to the shaft of the abyss. When it opens the shaft, smoke pours out like from a huge furnace, darkening sun and sky. Verses 3–6 – Locusts Released to Torment From the smoke come locust-like creatures with scorpion power. They are told not to harm grass or trees but only people who lack God’s seal. For five months they torment, and “men will seek death and will not find it” (BSB v. 6). Verses 7–11 – Description and Leader of the Locust Army The locusts look like war horses with golden crowns, human-like faces, women’s hair, lions’ teeth, iron breastplates, and wings that roar like chariots. Their sting is in their tails. Their king is “the angel of the abyss—his name in Hebrew is Abaddon, and in Greek he has the name Apollyon” (v. 11). The first woe is past. Verses 12–15 – Sixth Trumpet: Four Angels Loosed at Euphrates A voice from the golden altar tells the sixth trumpet angel to release the four angels bound at the great river Euphrates. These angels, prepared for the exact hour, day, month, and year, are set free to kill a third of mankind. Verses 16–19 – The Two-Hundred-Million Cavalry John hears the number: two hundred million horsemen. The riders wear fiery, hyacinth, and sulfur-colored breastplates. The horses’ heads are like lions, and fire, smoke, and sulfur pour from their mouths. Their tails are like serpents with heads. One-third of humanity dies from these plagues. Verses 20–21 – Hardened Hearts Remain Unrepentant Despite the devastation, the rest of mankind still will not repent of idol worship, murders, sorceries, immorality, or thefts. Revelation Chapter 9 presents an apocalyptic vision filled with cryptic imagery and unfolding cataclysms. As the heavenly trumpets sound, divine judgment is unleashed upon the world. Here, the terrifying power of divine wrath is manifest, promising dire consequences for those who oppose God's sovereignty. Context and Setting • Written by John while exiled on Patmos (Revelation 1:9). • Trumpets follow the seal judgments (Revelation 6-8). Trumpet five and six are called “woes” because their intensity rises sharply. • In Scripture, the abyss is a place of restraint for demons (Luke 8:31; 2 Peter 2:4; Jude 6). The Fallen Star and the Abyss • The star is best understood as a literal angel already fallen, not a meteor. Scripture often calls angels “stars” (Job 38:7; Revelation 12:4). • The key shows delegated authority—God remains in control even when judgment is severe. • Smoke darkening the sky matches Old Testament pictures of divine wrath (Exodus 19:18; Joel 2:10). Locusts: Demonic Tormentors • John stresses what these locusts do not eat—no vegetation—so readers know they are not ordinary insects. • Joel 2:4-11 speaks of an invincible locust-like army; Revelation draws on that imagery but shifts focus from crops to people. • Five-month lifespan matches a typical locust season, hinting at literal duration. • They cannot harm the sealed, echoing the protection of Israel during Egypt’s plagues (Exodus 8:22-23; 9:4). Abaddon/Apollyon: Destroyer • Old Testament “Abaddon” is a realm of death (Job 26:6). Here it is personified as the leader of the abyss forces. • Apollyon means “destroyer,” aligning with Satan’s purpose to steal, kill, and destroy (John 10:10). The Euphrates Connection • The Euphrates marked Israel’s northeastern boundary (Genesis 15:18) and the frontier of the Roman Empire in John’s day. • Four bound angels suggest a confined, powerful rank—paralleling the restraint of demons until God’s set moment. • Archaeology uncovers massive ancient cities—Nineveh, Babylon—along the Euphrates, centers of long-standing rebellion against God (Genesis 11; Nahum 3). Their history underscores the river’s symbolic link with judgment. Two-Hundred-Million Horsemen • The number is specific; John “heard” it, indicating literal intent. • Breath weapons—fire, smoke, sulfur—mirror Sodom’s fiery judgment (Genesis 19:24) and add a supernatural twist to cavalry imagery. • Lion-like heads show ferocity; serpent-tails show lethal deception, recalling Satan as serpent (Genesis 3:1; Revelation 12:9). Why People Still Refuse to Repent • Hard hearts plagued Pharaoh (Exodus 7-11) and echo here. Judgment alone does not guarantee repentance; a willing heart is needed (Romans 2:4-5). • The sins listed—idolatry, murder, sorcery, sexual immorality, theft—sum up violations of both love for God and neighbor (Exodus 20; Matthew 22:37-40). Old Testament Echoes and New Testament Links • Exodus Plagues: Darkness, locusts, death of firstborn all find resonance in trumpets. • Joel’s Army: “Their appearance is like the appearance of horses… with a noise like chariots” (Joel 2:4-5). • Isaiah 63:1-6 and Habakkuk 3 show the LORD as a warrior striding the earth—imagery now given to supernatural armies. • Jesus warned of unprecedented distress before His return (Matthew 24:21) and of torment in outer darkness (Matthew 25:30). Archaeological Insights • Cuneiform tablets from Mesopotamia describe plagues, eclipses, and armies crossing the Euphrates—historical parallels that make John’s imagery vivid to ancient readers. • Roman legions stationed at the river’s edge kept watch on Parthia; first-century believers would sense real geopolitical tension behind the prophecy. Practical Takeaways • God’s timing is precise—“prepared for the hour, day, month, and year” (v. 15). Nothing is random. • Spiritual seal matters; belonging to Christ shields believers from the wrath aimed at the unrepentant (Ephesians 1:13; Revelation 7:3). • Judgment shows God’s holiness, yet His aim is repentance (2 Peter 3:9). The tragedy here is not the plagues but the refusal to turn. • The chapter encourages endurance. If God protects in the worst of times, He surely keeps His own in present trials (John 10:28-29). Summary Truths to Remember • The abyss is real, demons are restrained until God allows. • Trumpet judgments escalate, warning humanity while there is still time. • Even spectacular judgments cannot soften a heart set against God; only submission to Christ can. • Believers are secure under God’s seal and are called to remain faithful, alert, and hopeful for the coming kingdom. Connections to Additional Scriptures Ephesians 6:12 For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this world's darkness, and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms. This verse underscores the spiritual battle depicted in Revelation 9. 2 Peter 3:9 The Lord is not slow in keeping His promise, as some understand slowness, but is patient with you, not wanting anyone to perish, but everyone to come to repentance. This highlights God's desire for repentance, contrasting with the unrepentant hearts in Revelation 9. Joel 2:1-11 This Old Testament passage also describes a locust invasion as a form of judgment, providing a parallel to the imagery in Revelation 9. Teaching Points The Fifth Trumpet and the Locusts Revelation 9:1-3 describes the fifth trumpet, where a star falls from heaven and is given the key to the Abyss. This star represents a fallen angel, and the opening of the Abyss releases locusts with the power to torment those without the seal of God. The locusts are described in verses 7-10 with terrifying imagery, symbolizing a demonic force allowed to inflict suffering but not death. The Sixth Trumpet and the Army Verses 13-16 detail the sixth trumpet, where four angels bound at the Euphrates are released to kill a third of mankind. This event unleashes a massive army of 200 million, symbolizing a great and destructive force. The description of the horses and riders in verses 17-19 emphasizes the deadly power and the judgment they bring. The Response of Mankind Despite the severe judgments, verses 20-21 reveal that the rest of mankind did not repent of their sins, highlighting the hardness of human hearts and the refusal to turn to God even in the face of dire consequences. Practical Applications Awareness of Spiritual Realities Recognize the reality of spiritual warfare and the existence of demonic forces. This awareness should lead us to rely on God's protection and strength. Urgency of Repentance The refusal to repent despite severe judgments serves as a warning. We should examine our hearts and turn away from sin, seeking God's forgiveness and grace. Trust in God's Sovereignty Even in the midst of chaos and judgment, God remains in control. Trust in His sovereignty and His ultimate plan for redemption and justice. People 1. The Fifth Angel Description: The fifth angel is one of the seven angels who sound the trumpets. In Revelation 9:1, this angel sounds the trumpet, which leads to the opening of the abyss. Scripture: "Then the fifth angel sounded his trumpet, and I saw a star that had fallen from heaven to earth, and it was given the key to the pit of the abyss." (Revelation 9:1) 2. The Star Fallen from Heaven Description: This "star" is often interpreted as a fallen angel or a symbolic representation of a being given authority over the abyss. The Greek word used here is "ἀστήρ" (astēr), which can mean a literal star or a celestial being. Scripture: "Then the fifth angel sounded his trumpet, and I saw a star that had fallen from heaven to earth, and it was given the key to the pit of the abyss." (Revelation 9:1) 3. The Locusts Description: These are not typical locusts but are described as having the power to torment people. They are often interpreted as demonic entities released from the abyss. Scripture: "And out of the smoke, locusts descended on the earth, and they were given power like that of the scorpions of the earth." (Revelation 9:3) 4. The King of the Locusts (Abaddon/Apollyon) Description: The king over the locusts is named Abaddon in Hebrew and Apollyon in Greek, both meaning "Destroyer." This figure is often seen as a powerful demonic leader. Scripture: "They were ruled by a king, the angel of the abyss. His name in Hebrew is Abaddon, and in Greek it is Apollyon." (Revelation 9:11) 5. The Sixth Angel Description: The sixth angel sounds the trumpet, leading to the release of the four angels bound at the Euphrates River. Scripture: "Then the sixth angel sounded his trumpet, and I heard a voice from the four horns of the golden altar before God." (Revelation 9:13) 6. The Four Angels Bound at the Euphrates Description: These angels are released to kill a third of mankind. They are often interpreted as agents of divine judgment. Scripture: "So the four angels who had been prepared for this hour and day and month and year were released to kill a third of mankind." (Revelation 9:15) Places 1. The Abyss Description The Abyss, also known as the "bottomless pit," is mentioned in Revelation 9:1-2. It is opened by a fallen star, releasing smoke and locusts. In the original Greek, the term used is "ἄβυσσος" (abussos), which conveys a sense of a deep, immeasurable chasm. In a conservative Christian interpretation, the Abyss is often seen as a place of demonic origin or a realm of confinement for evil spirits. 2. The Euphrates River Description The Euphrates River is mentioned in Revelation 9:14. Four angels bound at the river are released to kill a third of mankind. The Euphrates, known in Greek as "Εὐφράτης" (Euphratēs), is one of the great rivers of the ancient world and often symbolizes a boundary or a point of significant transition. In a conservative Christian view, the Euphrates may represent a geographical and spiritual boundary, marking the release of judgment upon the earth. Events 1. The Fifth Trumpet: The Fallen Star and the Abyss Opened "Then the fifth angel sounded his trumpet, and I saw a star that had fallen from heaven to earth, and it was given the key to the pit of the abyss." (Revelation 9:1) The "star" is often interpreted as a fallen angel or a demonic being, given authority to open the abyss, a place of confinement for evil spirits. 2. Smoke and Locusts Emerge from the Abyss "The smoke rose from the pit like the smoke of a great furnace, and the sun and the air were darkened by the smoke from the pit. And out of the smoke, locusts descended on the earth..." (Revelation 9:2-3) The locusts symbolize a demonic force, emerging from the abyss to torment those without the seal of God. 3. The Torment of the Locusts "They were told not to harm the grass of the earth or any plant or tree, but only those who did not have the seal of God on their foreheads." (Revelation 9:4) The locusts are commanded to torment people for five months, but not to kill them, causing intense suffering. 4. Description of the Locusts "The locusts looked like horses prepared for battle, with something like crowns of gold on their heads, and faces like the faces of men." (Revelation 9:7) The detailed description emphasizes their terrifying and supernatural nature, combining elements of both human and animal features. 5. The King of the Locusts: Abaddon/Apollyon "They have as king over them the angel of the abyss. His name in Hebrew is Abaddon, and in Greek it is Apollyon." (Revelation 9:11) Abaddon/Apollyon means "Destroyer," indicating the destructive purpose of this demonic leader. 6. The Sixth Trumpet: Release of the Four Angels "Then the sixth angel sounded his trumpet, and I heard a voice from the four horns of the golden altar before God saying to the sixth angel with the trumpet, 'Release the four angels who are bound at the great river Euphrates.'" (Revelation 9:13-14) These four angels are bound, suggesting they are fallen angels, released to execute judgment. 7. The Army of Two Hundred Million "The number of mounted troops was two hundred million; I heard their number." (Revelation 9:16) This vast army is often interpreted as a symbolic representation of a massive, destructive force unleashed upon the earth. 8. The Plagues of Fire, Smoke, and Sulfur "A third of mankind was killed by the three plagues of fire, smoke, and sulfur that proceeded from their mouths." (Revelation 9:18) These plagues bring widespread death and destruction, emphasizing the severity of divine judgment. 9. The Unrepentant Hearts of Mankind "The rest of mankind who were not killed by these plagues still did not repent of the works of their hands..." (Revelation 9:20) Despite the severe judgments, humanity remains unrepentant, continuing in idolatry and immorality. Lessons from Revelation 9 1. The Reality of Spiritual Warfare Revelation 9 vividly illustrates the ongoing spiritual battle between good and evil. The chapter opens with a star fallen from heaven, symbolizing a powerful force of darkness. This reminds us that our struggles are not merely physical but spiritual. As Ephesians 6:12 states, "For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this world's darkness, and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms." Stay vigilant and arm yourself with prayer and Scripture. 2. The Power of God's Sovereignty Despite the chaos unleashed in Revelation 9, God's sovereignty remains unchallenged. The locusts are given power, but only as much as God allows. This is a comforting reminder that nothing happens outside of God's control. As Romans 8:28 assures us, "And we know that God works all things together for the good of those who love Him, who are called according to His purpose." 3. The Call to Repentance The plagues in Revelation 9 serve as a wake-up call for repentance. Despite the suffering, many refuse to turn from their sins. This is a poignant reminder of the hardness of the human heart. As 2 Peter 3:9 tells us, "The Lord is not slow in keeping His promise, as some understand slowness, but is patient with you, not wanting anyone to perish, but everyone to come to repentance." 4. The Consequences of Idolatry The chapter highlights the futility of idolatry, as people continue to worship demons and idols that cannot see, hear, or walk. This serves as a stark warning against placing anything above God in our lives. As 1 John 5:21 advises, "Little children, keep yourselves from idols." 5. The Reality of Judgment Revelation 9 underscores the certainty of divine judgment. The release of the four angels bound at the Euphrates River signifies a time of reckoning. This reminds us that while God is merciful, He is also just. Hebrews 9:27 states, "Just as man is appointed to die once, and after that to face judgment." 6. The Importance of Spiritual Armor The imagery of locusts with armor-like breastplates in Revelation 9 emphasizes the need for spiritual protection. Ephesians 6:13 instructs us, "Therefore take up the full armor of God, so that when the day of evil comes, you will be able to stand your ground, and having done everything, to stand." 7. The Urgency of the Gospel The events in Revelation 9 highlight the urgency of sharing the Gospel. As the world faces increasing turmoil, the need for the hope found in Christ becomes ever more pressing. Mark 16:15 commands us, "Go into all the world and preach the gospel to every creature." 8. The Assurance of God's Protection Even amidst the chaos, God's people are protected. The locusts are instructed not to harm those with the seal of God on their foreheads. This is a powerful reminder of God's promise to protect His own. Psalm 91:4 assures us, "He will cover you with His feathers; under His wings you will find refuge; His faithfulness is a shield and rampart." 9. The Futility of Human Efforts The inability of humanity to stop the plagues in Revelation 9 highlights the futility of relying on human strength. True deliverance comes only from God. As Psalm 127:1 states, "Unless the LORD builds the house, its builders labor in vain; unless the LORD watches over the city, the watchman stays awake in vain." 10. The Hope of Christ's Return Finally, Revelation 9 points us to the ultimate hope of Christ's return. Despite the trials and tribulations, we are assured of a future where Christ reigns supreme. Revelation 22:12 promises, "Behold, I am coming soon, and My reward is with Me, to give to each one according to what he has done." Let this hope inspire you to live faithfully and expectantly. Topics 1. The Fifth Trumpet: The Plague of Locusts (Revelation 9:1-12) The chapter begins with the sounding of the fifth trumpet, where a star falls from heaven to earth, symbolizing a fallen angel or a divine messenger. This star is given the key to the shaft of the Abyss. The Greek word for "Abyss" (ἄβυσσος, abyssos) refers to a deep, bottomless pit. Smoke rises from the Abyss, darkening the sun and air, and out of the smoke come locusts with the power to torment those without the seal of God on their foreheads. These locusts are described with vivid imagery, having appearances like horses prepared for battle, with crowns of gold, faces like humans, and tails like scorpions. Their king is the angel of the Abyss, named Abaddon in Hebrew and Apollyon in Greek, both meaning "Destroyer." 2. The Sixth Trumpet: The Release of the Four Angels (Revelation 9:13-21) The sixth trumpet is sounded, and a voice from the four horns of the golden altar before God commands the release of the four angels bound at the great river Euphrates. These angels, prepared for a specific time, are released to kill a third of mankind. The number of mounted troops is described as two hundred million. The horses and riders have breastplates of fiery red, dark blue, and sulfur yellow, with the horses' heads resembling lions and their mouths emitting fire, smoke, and sulfur. These three plagues kill a third of mankind. Despite these judgments, the rest of humanity does not repent of their idolatry, murders, sorceries, sexual immorality, or thefts. Themes 1. The Fifth Trumpet and the Plague of Locusts Revelation 9 begins with the sounding of the fifth trumpet, which introduces a plague of locusts. These locusts are described as having the power to torment those who do not have the seal of God on their foreheads. The imagery of locusts is reminiscent of the plagues in Egypt (Exodus 10:12-15) and symbolizes divine judgment. The Greek word for "locusts" (ἀκρίδες, akrides) emphasizes their destructive nature. 2. The Abyss and Its Key The chapter describes a star fallen from heaven to earth, given the key to the shaft of the Abyss. The Abyss (ἄβυσσος, abyssos) is a place of confinement for evil spirits, indicating a release of demonic forces upon the earth. This theme highlights the spiritual warfare and the unleashing of chaos as part of God's judgment. 3. The Torment of Unbelievers The locusts are commanded not to harm the grass or any plant but only those who do not have the seal of God. They are allowed to torment people for five months, but not to kill them. This period of torment reflects God's judgment and the suffering of those who reject Him, emphasizing the consequences of unbelief. 4. The Sixth Trumpet and the Release of the Four Angels The sixth trumpet signals the release of four angels bound at the great river Euphrates. These angels are prepared for a specific time to kill a third of mankind. The Euphrates is significant in biblical history as a boundary and a place of conflict, symbolizing the unleashing of further judgment and warfare. 5. The Army of Horsemen An army of two hundred million horsemen is described, with breastplates of fiery red, hyacinth blue, and sulfur yellow. The horses have heads like lions and tails like serpents. This imagery conveys the overwhelming and terrifying nature of the judgment, as well as the power and authority of God over the forces of evil. 6. The Hardness of Human Hearts Despite the severe judgments, the rest of mankind does not repent of their sins, including idolatry, murder, sorcery, sexual immorality, and theft. This theme underscores the hardness of human hearts and the persistent rebellion against God, even in the face of divine wrath. Prayer Points Pray for a heart of repentance and humility, asking God to reveal any areas of sin in our lives. Pray for protection against spiritual forces of evil and for strength to stand firm in faith. Pray for those who have not yet turned to God, that they may recognize the urgency of repentance and come to faith in Christ. Pray for wisdom and understanding as we study the book of Revelation, that we may discern its truths and apply them to our lives. Answering Tough Questions 1. How can the “locusts” with scorpion-like stings (Revelation 9:3–10) be taken literally given their bizarre hybrid descriptions? 2. Why would God allow such torment from these creatures for exactly five months (Revelation 9:5) without any mention of redemption? 3. How can a star “fallen from heaven” (Revelation 9:1) be both an astronomical event and an angelic being? 4. Is the massive army of 200 million horsemen (Revelation 9:16) historically or logistically plausible in any known context? 5. How do these terrifying judgments (Revelation 9:1–21) align with the broader biblical portrayal of a just and merciful God? Bible Study Discussion Questions 1. How does the imagery used in Revelation 9 affect your understanding of divine judgment? 2. What might the locusts symbolize in our contemporary society? 3. How does the concept of an unrepentant humanity in the face of divine judgment relate to today's world? 4. In what ways can the actions of the fallen star and the Angel of the Abyss be compared to spiritual leaders in our society today? 5. Reflect on the reaction of those unharmed by the locusts. How does this parallel to how people respond to sin and its consequences in today's world? 6. Discuss the significance of the fifth and sixth trumpets in relation to God's sovereignty. 7. Why do you think those who survived the calamities did not repent? How can you apply this reflection to modern-day contexts? 8. What does the response of humanity to the divine judgments in Revelation 9 teach us about human nature and free will? 9. What implications does the divine judgment in Revelation 9 have on our understanding of God's mercy and justice? 10. How can the actions of the Four Angels at the Euphrates River be interpreted in today's context of global events and wars? 11. How might the prophecies in Revelation 9 motivate believers to share the gospel more fervently? 12. How does the concept of "Abaddon" or "Apollyon" influence your understanding of spiritual warfare? 13. How does the repeated refusal to repent in the face of divine judgment affect your views on repentance and redemption? 14. How can the tormenting locusts serve as a metaphor for trials and tribulations in a believer's life? 15. How does the opening of the Abyss relate to the concept of unleashing evil or suffering in the world? 16. How does the two hundred million-strong army make you reflect on the scale of spiritual warfare in our world today? 17. How can we as individuals and communities respond to the metaphoric sounding of the 'trumpets' in our lives? 18. How should the knowledge of these prophesied judgments impact our daily living as Christians? 19. What can Revelation 9 teach us about perseverance in faith amidst tribulation and despair? 20. How can you use Revelation 9 as a tool for introspection and correction of one's spiritual path? Bible Hub Chapter Summaries and Bible Study Questions