◄ 2 Chronicles 34 ►
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Josiah Reigns in Judah (2 Kings 22:1–2) 1Josiah was eight years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem thirty-one years. 2And he did what was right in the eyes of the LORD and walked in the ways of his father David; he did not turn aside to the right or to the left. Josiah Destroys Idolatry (1 Kings 13:1–10; 2 Kings 23:4–20) 3In the eighth year of his reign, while he was still young, Josiah began to seek the God of his father David, and in the twelfth year he began to cleanse Judah and Jerusalem of the high places, the Asherah poles, the carved idols, and the cast images. 4Then in his presence the altars of the Baals were torn down, and he cut to pieces the incense altars that were above them. He shattered the Asherah poles, the carved idols, and the cast images, crushed them to dust, and scattered them over the graves of those who had sacrificed to them. 5Then he burned the bones of the priests on their altars. So he cleansed Judah and Jerusalem. 6Josiah did the same in the cities of Manasseh, Ephraim, and Simeon, as far as Naphtali, and in the ruinsa around them. 7He tore down the altars and Asherah poles, crushed the idols to powder, and cut to pieces all the incense altars throughout the land of Israel. Then he returned to Jerusalem. Josiah Repairs the Temple (2 Kings 22:3–7) 8Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, in order to cleanse the land and the temple, Josiah sent Shaphan son of Azaliah, Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah son of Joahaz, the recorder, to repair the house of the LORD his God. 9So they went to Hilkiah the high priest and gave him the money that had been brought into the house of God, which the Levites who guarded the doors had collected from the people of Manasseh and Ephraim, from all the remnant of Israel, from all Judah and Benjamin, and from the people of Jerusalem. 10They put it into the hands of those supervising the work in the house of the LORD, who in turn gave it to the workmen restoring and repairing the house of the LORD. 11They also gave money to the carpenters and builders to buy dressed stone, as well as timbers for couplings and beams for the buildings that the kings of Judah had allowed to deteriorate. 12And the men did the work faithfully. The Levites overseeing them were Jahath and Obadiah, descendants of Merari, and Zechariah and Meshullam, descendants of Kohath. Other Levites, all skilled with musical instruments, 13were over the laborers and supervised all who did the work, task by task. Some of the Levites were secretaries, officers, and gatekeepers. Hilkiah Finds the Book of the Law (2 Kings 22:8–13) 14While they were bringing out the money that had been taken into the house of the LORD, Hilkiah the priest found the Book of the Law of the LORD given byb Moses. 15And Hilkiah said to Shaphan the scribe, “I have found the Book of the Law in the house of the LORD!” And he gave it to Shaphan. 16Then Shaphan brought the book to the king and reported, “Your servants are doing all that has been placed in their hands. 17They have paid out the money that was found in the house of the LORD and have put it into the hands of the supervisors and workers.” 18Moreover, Shaphan the scribe told the king, “Hilkiah the priest has given me a book.” And Shaphan read it in the presence of the king. 19When the king heard the words of the Law, he tore his clothes 20and commanded Hilkiah, Ahikam son of Shaphan, Abdonc son of Micah,d Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah the servant of the king: 21“Go and inquire of the LORD for me and for those remaining in Israel and Judah concerning the words in the book that has been found. For great is the wrath of the LORD that has been poured out on us because our fathers have not kept the word of the LORD by doing all that is written in this book.” Huldah’s Prophecy (2 Kings 22:14–20) 22So Hilkiah and those the king had designated went and spoke to Huldahe the prophetess, the wife of Shallum son of Tokhath,f the son of Hasrah,g the keeper of the wardrobe. She lived in Jerusalem, in the Second District.h 23And Huldah said to them, “This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘Tell the man who sent you 24that this is what the LORD says: I am about to bring calamity on this place and on its people, according to all the curses written in the book that has been read in the presence of the king of Judah, 25because they have forsaken Me and burned incense to other gods, that they might provoke Me to anger with all the works of their hands. My wrath will be poured out upon this place and will not be quenched.’ 26But as for the king of Judah, who sent you to inquire of the LORD, tell him that this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘As for the words that you heard, 27because your heart was tender and you humbled yourself before God when you heard His words against this place and against its people, and because you have humbled yourself before Me and have torn your clothes and wept before Me, I have heard you,’ declares the LORD. 28‘Now I will indeed gather you to your fathers, and you will be gathered to your grave in peace. Your eyes will not see all the calamity that I will bring on this place and on its people.’” So they brought her answer back to the king. Josiah Renews the Covenant (2 Kings 23:1–3) 29Then the king summoned all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem. 30And he went up to the house of the LORD with all the people of Judah and Jerusalem, as well as the priests and the Levites—all the people great and small—and in their hearing he read all the words of the Book of the Covenant that had been found in the house of the LORD. 31So the king stood by the pillar and made a covenant before the LORD to follow the LORD and to keep His commandments, decrees, and statutes with all his heart and all his soul, and to carry out the words of the covenant that were written in this book. 32Then he had everyone in Jerusalem and Benjamin take a stand in agreement to it. So all the people of Jerusalem carried out the covenant of God, the God of their fathers. 33And Josiah removed all the abominations from all the lands belonging to the Israelites, and he required everyone in Israel to serve the LORD their God. Throughout his reign they did not turn aside from following the LORD, the God of their fathers. Footnotes: 6 a Or in the regions 14 b Hebrew the Law of the LORD by the hand of 20 c Abdon is a variant of Achbor; see 2 Kings 22:12. 20 d Micah is a variant of Micaiah; see 2 Kings 22:12. 22 e One Hebrew manuscript, Vulgate, and Syriac; most Hebrew manuscripts and those the king had told went to Huldah 22 f Tokhath is a variant of Tikvah; see 2 Kings 22:14. 22 g Hasrah is a variant of Harhas; see 2 Kings 22:14. 22 h Or the Second Quarter, a newer section of Jerusalem; Hebrew the Mishneh Berean Standard Bible (BSB) printed 2016, 2020, 2022, 2025 by Bible Hub and Berean.Bible. Produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, unfoldingWord, Bible Aquifer, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee. This text of God's Word has been dedicated to the public domain. Free downloads and unlimited usage available. See also the Berean Literal Bible and Berean Interlinear Bible. Bible Hub 2 Chronicles 34 Summary Josiah Renews the Covenant Verses 1–2 – Josiah’s Godly Reign Begins Josiah ascends Judah’s throne at eight years old, reigning thirty-one years in Jerusalem. From the start he “did what was right in the sight of the LORD” and “did not turn aside to the right or to the left.” Verses 3–7 – Purging the Land of Idols In his eighth year Josiah seeks the LORD; by his twelfth he tears down high places, Asherim, carved and molten images throughout Judah, Jerusalem, and even former Northern Kingdom territory, grinding the idols to dust and scattering it on the graves of those who had sacrificed to them. Verses 8–13 – Repairing the House of the LORD Eighteen years into his reign he commissions repairs of the temple. Money collected by the Levites is delivered into trustworthy hands. Skilled workers labor, and the project proceeds faithfully. Verses 14–18 – The Book of the Law Found During the work Hilkiah the high priest finds “the Book of the Law of the LORD given by Moses.” Shaphan the scribe reads it before the king. Verses 19–21 – Josiah Seeks God’s Counsel Hearing the words, Josiah rends his garments, recognizing Judah’s guilt. He sends a delegation to “inquire of the LORD” for himself and the people. Verses 22–28 – Huldah’s Word of Judgment and Mercy The prophetess Huldah foretells imminent judgment on Judah for forsaking God, yet promises that because Josiah’s heart is tender he will die in peace, spared from seeing the coming disaster. Verses 29–33 – Covenant Renewal and National Reform Josiah gathers leaders and people, reads the Book of the Covenant aloud, and stands to renew the covenant to follow the LORD with all heart and soul. The people pledge the same, and the king continues removing abominations as long as he lives. 2 Chronicles 34 recounts the reign of King Josiah, his zealous religious reforms, and the discovery of the Book of the Law. This chapter portrays Josiah as a committed servant of God who initiates significant spiritual revival and upholds the Mosaic Law. Historical Setting and Timeline • Josiah (640–609 BC) occupies Judah’s throne roughly a century after the northern tribes fell to Assyria (722 BC). • His grandfather Manasseh had promoted idolatry; his father Amon reigned briefly and wickedly (2 Chronicles 33:21–25). Josiah’s reforms reverse two generations of spiritual decline. • Prophets Zephaniah (Zephaniah 1:1) and Jeremiah (Jeremiah 1:1–3) minister during this era, echoing the themes of judgment and renewal found in 2 Chronicles 34. Josiah’s Early Zeal (vv.3–7) “While he was still young, he began to seek the God of his father David.” (2 Chronicles 34:3) • Personal devotion precedes public reform; inward pursuit of God fuels outward action. • The destruction crosses tribal boundaries—Manasseh, Ephraim, Simeon, Naphtali—showing Josiah claims covenant jurisdiction over all Israel, not just Judah (compare 2 Kings 23:15–20). • Josiah fulfills the unnamed prophet’s prediction against Jeroboam’s altar at Bethel made three centuries earlier (1 Kings 13:2). The Temple Restoration Project (vv.8–13) • Temple neglect mirrored spiritual neglect (2 Chronicles 24:7). Repairing the building signals returning to covenant priorities. • Levites “skilled in instruments of music” (v.12) supervise labor, marrying worship and work. • Money management is transparent; the chronicler highlights faithfulness (“they dealt honestly,” v.12), contrasting earlier corruption under wicked kings. Discovery of the Book of the Law (vv.14–18) • Likely a Torah scroll, possibly Deuteronomy, matching the covenant language that convicts the king (Deuteronomy 28). • God’s Word is preserved even when buried beneath rubble. Reform cannot rest on zeal alone; it must be anchored in Scripture. The Power of the Word (vv.19–21) Josiah’s immediate reaction: “When the king heard the words of the Law, he tore his clothes.” (v.19) • The Word exposes sin (Hebrews 4:12) and drives humble repentance (Joel 2:13). • He seeks confirmation through a prophet, balancing personal conviction with communal discernment. Huldah the Prophetess (vv.22–28) • One of the few named female prophets in Scripture, affirming God’s freedom to choose His vessels (Acts 2:17). • Her message combines certainty of judgment (“My wrath will be poured out,” v.25) with personal mercy (“you will be gathered to your grave in peace,” v.28). • Echoes earlier warnings: Leviticus 26; Deuteronomy 28; Micah 3:12. Covenant Renewal and National Revival (vv.29–33) • Public reading of Scripture recalls Joshua 8:34–35 and Nehemiah 8:1–8—revivals anchored in God’s Word. • “With all his heart and all his soul” mirrors Deuteronomy 6:5, underscoring wholehearted allegiance. • National commitment follows leadership example; the people “did not turn away” during Josiah’s life (v.33). Archaeological Insights • Bullae (seal impressions) bearing names like “Hilkiah son of Hilkiah the priest” and “Shaphan” have surfaced in Jerusalem’s City of David excavations, aligning with the officials listed in this chapter. • Ostraca from Samaria and Megiddo reference temple funds and administrative practices similar to those described, supporting the chronicler’s economic details. • The destruction layers at Bethel reveal smashed cultic altars dating to Josiah’s timeframe, matching his campaign against high places. Key Themes 1. Early Obedience: God can steer youthful hearts (1 Timothy 4:12). 2. Scripture Rediscovered: Revival springs from returning to God’s Word (Psalm 19:7–11). 3. Leadership Matters: A righteous ruler influences an entire nation (Proverbs 29:2). 4. Judgment and Mercy: God judges persistent rebellion yet responds to humble repentance (James 4:6). 5. Covenant Loyalty: Genuine reform is covenant renewal, not surface change (Jeremiah 31:33). Connections with Other Scriptures • 2 Kings 22 parallels the narrative, confirming historical accuracy. • Deuteronomy’s blessings and curses form the backdrop to Huldah’s prophecy. • Jeremiah 22:15-17 later recalls Josiah as the model of justice and righteousness. • The Passover celebration in the next chapter (2 Chronicles 35) fulfills the covenant commitment begun here. Practical Lessons for Today • Begin seeking God now; age is no barrier. • Remove idols decisively—anything competing with God must go. • Invest in the “temple” today—our bodies and congregations (1 Corinthians 6:19; Ephesians 2:21). • Keep Scripture central; read it aloud, let it confront and comfort. • Lead by example; personal holiness can ripple outward to family, church, and society. Connections to Additional Scriptures 2 Kings 22-23 Parallel account of Josiah's reign and reforms. Psalm 119:105 Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path. - Emphasizes the guiding power of Scripture. James 1:22 Be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves. - Encourages active obedience to God's Word. Teaching Points Josiah's Early Reign and Righteousness Josiah was eight years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem thirty-one years. He did what was right in the eyes of the LORD and walked in the ways of his father David; he did not turn aside to the right or to the left. (2 Chronicles 34:1-2) Josiah's commitment to righteousness began at a young age, demonstrating that age is not a barrier to serving God faithfully. Seeking God and Purging Idolatry In the eighth year of his reign, while he was still young, Josiah began to seek the God of his father David. In the twelfth year, he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem of the high places, Asherah poles, carved idols, and cast images. (2 Chronicles 34:3) Josiah's pursuit of God led to decisive action against idolatry, showing the importance of removing sin from our lives. Restoration of the Temple In the eighteenth year of Josiah’s reign, to purify the land and the temple, he sent Shaphan son of Azaliah, Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah son of Joahaz the recorder to repair the house of the LORD his God. (2 Chronicles 34:8) The restoration of the temple signifies the need to prioritize worship and the presence of God in our lives. Discovery of the Book of the Law Hilkiah the priest found the Book of the Law of the LORD written by Moses. (2 Chronicles 34:14) The rediscovery of God's Word was pivotal in bringing about spiritual renewal and reform. Josiah's Humble Response When the king heard the words of the Law, he tore his clothes. (2 Chronicles 34:19) Josiah's humility and repentance upon hearing God's Word highlight the importance of a contrite heart. Practical Applications Seek God Early and Consistently Like Josiah, we should seek God earnestly, regardless of our age or stage in life. Remove Idols from Our Lives Identify and eliminate anything that takes precedence over God in our hearts. Prioritize Worship and God's Presence Make regular worship and time in God's presence a central part of our lives. Engage with Scripture Regularly read and study the Bible to understand God's will and direction for our lives. Respond with Humility and Repentance Be open to correction and willing to change when confronted with God's truth. People 1. Josiah Josiah was the king of Judah who began his reign at the age of eight and reigned for thirty-one years in Jerusalem. He is noted for his righteous actions and dedication to following the ways of David, his forefather. Josiah initiated significant religious reforms, including the repair of the temple and the removal of idolatry from the land. His name in Hebrew, יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ (Yoshiyahu), means "Yahweh supports." 2. Hilkiah Hilkiah was the high priest during the reign of Josiah. He discovered the Book of the Law in the house of the LORD, which played a crucial role in the religious reforms initiated by Josiah. His name in Hebrew, חִלְקִיָּהוּ (Chilqiyahu), means "my portion is Yahweh." 3. Shaphan Shaphan was the scribe who served under King Josiah. He was responsible for reading the Book of the Law to the king after it was found by Hilkiah. His name in Hebrew, שָׁפָן (Shaphan), means "rock badger" or "coney." 4. Ahikam Ahikam was the son of Shaphan and one of the officials sent by Josiah to inquire of the LORD concerning the words of the Book of the Law. His name in Hebrew, אֲחִיקָם (Achikam), means "my brother has risen." 5. Abdon Abdon was one of the officials sent by Josiah to consult the prophetess Huldah. His name in Hebrew, עַבְדּוֹן (Abdon), means "servant" or "worshiper." 6. Micah Micah is mentioned as the father of Abdon. His name in Hebrew, מִיכָיָהוּ (Mikhayahu), means "who is like Yahweh?" 7. Asaiah Asaiah was a servant of the king who was also sent to inquire of the LORD. His name in Hebrew, עֲשָׂיָה (Asayah), means "Yahweh has made." 8. Huldah Huldah was a prophetess in Jerusalem during the time of Josiah. She delivered a message from the LORD regarding the fate of Judah and the king's response to the Book of the Law. Her name in Hebrew, חֻלְדָּה (Chuldah), means "weasel" or "mole." 9. Shallum Shallum was the husband of Huldah and the keeper of the wardrobe. His name in Hebrew, שַׁלּוּם (Shallum), means "retribution" or "recompense." 10. Tikvah Tikvah is mentioned as the father of Shallum. His name in Hebrew, תִּקְוָה (Tikvah), means "hope." 11. Harhas Harhas is mentioned as the grandfather of Shallum. His name in Hebrew, חַרְחַס (Charchas), is less clear in meaning but may relate to "fury" or "anger." Places 1. Jerusalem Jerusalem is the central city of Judah and the location of the Temple. It is where King Josiah began his reforms and where the Book of the Law was found in the Temple. The Hebrew root for Jerusalem is "יְרוּשָׁלַיִם" (Yerushalayim), meaning "foundation of peace." 2. Judah Judah is the southern kingdom of Israel, over which Josiah reigned. It is the primary setting for the events of 2 Chronicles 34. The Hebrew root for Judah is "יְהוּדָה" (Yehudah), meaning "praised." 3. Bethel Bethel is a town in the northern kingdom of Israel where Josiah destroyed the altar and high place built by Jeroboam. The Hebrew root for Bethel is "בֵּית־אֵל" (Beit-El), meaning "house of God." 4. Manasseh Although not a place, Manasseh is mentioned in the context of the territories where Josiah extended his reforms. It refers to the tribal territory of Manasseh, one of the tribes of Israel. The Hebrew root is "מְנַשֶּׁה" (Menasheh), meaning "causing to forget." 5. Ephraim Ephraim is another tribal territory in the northern kingdom where Josiah carried out his reforms. The Hebrew root is "אֶפְרַיִם" (Ephraim), meaning "fruitful." 6. Naphtali Naphtali is a tribal territory in the northern kingdom mentioned as part of the regions affected by Josiah's reforms. The Hebrew root is "נַפְתָּלִי" (Naphtali), meaning "my struggle." 7. Simeon Simeon is a tribal territory within Judah where Josiah also extended his reforms. The Hebrew root is "שִׁמְעוֹן" (Shimon), meaning "heard." Events 1. Josiah Becomes King Josiah was eight years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem for thirty-one years. "Josiah was eight years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem thirty-one years." (2 Chronicles 34:1) 2. Josiah's Righteous Reign Josiah did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, following the ways of his ancestor David. "He did what was right in the eyes of the LORD and walked in the ways of his father David; he did not turn aside to the right or to the left." (2 Chronicles 34:2) 3. Religious Reforms Begin In the eighth year of his reign, Josiah began to seek the God of his father David, and in the twelfth year, he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem of high places, Asherah poles, and idols. "In the eighth year of his reign, while he was still young, Josiah began to seek the God of his father David. And in the twelfth year he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem of the high places, the Asherah poles, the carved images, and the molten images." (2 Chronicles 34:3) 4. Destruction of Idolatry Josiah destroyed the altars of the Baals, cut down the incense altars, smashed the Asherah poles, and ground the idols to powder. "Under his direction, the altars of the Baals were torn down; he cut to pieces the incense altars that were above them and smashed the Asherah poles, the carved images, and the molten images. He ground them to powder and scattered it over the graves of those who had sacrificed to them." (2 Chronicles 34:4) 5. Purification of the Land Josiah continued to purge the land of idolatry, extending his reforms to the cities of Manasseh, Ephraim, Simeon, and as far as Naphtali. "Then he burned the bones of the priests on their altars. So he cleansed Judah and Jerusalem. In the towns of Manasseh, Ephraim, and Simeon, as far as Naphtali, and in the ruins around them, he tore down the altars and Asherah poles, crushed the idols to powder, and cut to pieces all the incense altars throughout Israel. Then he returned to Jerusalem." (2 Chronicles 34:5-7) 6. Repair of the Temple In the eighteenth year of his reign, Josiah ordered the repair of the temple of the LORD. "In the eighteenth year of Josiah’s reign, to purify the land and the temple, he sent Shaphan son of Azaliah, Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah son of Joahaz the recorder to repair the house of the LORD his God." (2 Chronicles 34:8) 7. Discovery of the Book of the Law During the temple repairs, Hilkiah the priest found the Book of the Law of the LORD given through Moses. "While they were bringing out the money that had been brought into the house of the LORD, Hilkiah the priest found the Book of the Law of the LORD written by Moses." (2 Chronicles 34:14) 8. Reading of the Law to Josiah Shaphan the scribe read the Book of the Law to King Josiah, who tore his clothes in distress upon hearing its words. "Then Shaphan the scribe told the king, 'Hilkiah the priest has given me a book.' And Shaphan read it in the presence of the king. When the king heard the words of the Law, he tore his clothes." (2 Chronicles 34:18-19) 9. Consultation with Huldah the Prophetess Josiah sent a delegation to consult Huldah the prophetess regarding the words of the Book. "So Hilkiah and those the king had appointed went and spoke to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum son of Tokhath, the son of Hasrah, the keeper of the wardrobe. She lived in Jerusalem, in the Second District." (2 Chronicles 34:22) 10. Huldah's Prophecy Huldah prophesied disaster for Judah due to their disobedience but assured Josiah that he would not see the calamity because of his humility before God. "Because your heart was tender and you humbled yourself before God when you heard His words against this place and its people, and because you humbled yourself before Me and tore your clothes and wept before Me, I have heard you, declares the LORD." (2 Chronicles 34:27) 11. Renewal of the Covenant Josiah gathered all the people and renewed the covenant with the LORD, committing to follow His commandments. "Then the king stood by his pillar and made a covenant before the LORD to follow the LORD and to keep His commandments, decrees, and statutes with all his heart and all his soul, and to carry out the words of the covenant written in this book." (2 Chronicles 34:31) 12. Continued Reforms Josiah removed all the detestable idols from the land and made all who were present in Israel serve the LORD. "Josiah removed all the abominations from all the lands belonging to the Israelites, and he required all who were present in Israel to serve the LORD their God. Throughout his reign they did not turn aside from following the LORD, the God of their fathers." (2 Chronicles 34:33) Lessons from 2 Chronicles 34 1. The Power of Youthful Leadership In 2 Chronicles 34, we meet Josiah, who became king at just eight years old. His story reminds us that age is not a barrier to making a significant impact. Josiah's early reign shows that God can use anyone, regardless of age, to bring about change. As it is written, "Josiah was eight years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem thirty-one years" (2 Chronicles 34:1). This encourages us to nurture and support young leaders in our communities, trusting that God can work through them mightily. 2. Seeking God with All Your Heart Josiah's reign is marked by his earnest pursuit of God. At sixteen, he began to seek the God of his ancestor David. This pursuit led to profound reforms in Judah. "In the eighth year of his reign, while he was still young, Josiah began to seek the God of his father David" (2 Chronicles 34:3). This teaches us the importance of seeking God wholeheartedly, knowing that such devotion can lead to transformative changes in our lives and communities. 3. The Importance of Removing Idols Josiah's reforms included purging Judah and Jerusalem of idols. He understood that true worship of God requires removing anything that competes for our devotion. "He began to purge Judah and Jerusalem of the high places, the Asherah poles, the carved idols, and the cast images" (2 Chronicles 34:3). This serves as a reminder to examine our own lives for modern-day idols and to remove anything that distracts us from our relationship with God. 4. The Value of Restoring Worship Josiah's commitment to restoring the temple underscores the importance of worship in our spiritual lives. He recognized that a dedicated place for worship was essential for the people to connect with God. "In the eighteenth year of his reign, to purify the land and the temple, he sent Shaphan son of Azaliah, Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah son of Joahaz the recorder to repair the house of the LORD his God" (2 Chronicles 34:8). This encourages us to prioritize worship and maintain spaces where we can gather to honor God. 5. The Impact of God's Word The discovery of the Book of the Law during the temple repairs was a turning point for Josiah and the nation. When Josiah heard the words of the Law, he was deeply moved and took immediate action. "When the king heard the words of the Law, he tore his clothes" (2 Chronicles 34:19). This highlights the power of Scripture to convict and guide us, urging us to immerse ourselves in God's Word regularly. 6. The Role of Repentance Josiah's response to the reading of the Law was one of repentance and humility. He recognized the nation's disobedience and sought God's mercy. "Go and inquire of the LORD for me and for those who remain in Israel and Judah concerning the words of the book that has been found" (2 Chronicles 34:21). This teaches us the importance of repentance in our spiritual journey, reminding us that God is gracious and forgiving when we turn back to Him. 7. The Influence of Godly Counsel Josiah sought the counsel of Huldah the prophetess, demonstrating the value of seeking godly wisdom. Her guidance confirmed the need for reform and reassured Josiah of God's plans. "So Hilkiah and those the king had sent with him went and spoke to Huldah the prophetess" (2 Chronicles 34:22). This encourages us to seek wise counsel from those who are grounded in Scripture and can provide spiritual insight. 8. The Power of Covenant Renewal Josiah led the people in renewing their covenant with God, committing to follow His commands wholeheartedly. "The king stood by his pillar and renewed the covenant in the presence of the LORD—to follow the LORD and to keep His commandments" (2 Chronicles 34:31). This act of renewal serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of recommitting ourselves to God and His ways, both individually and collectively. 9. The Legacy of Faithful Leadership Josiah's reforms left a lasting legacy of faithfulness in Judah. His dedication to God and His commandments set a standard for future generations. "As long as he lived, they did not fail to follow the LORD, the God of their fathers" (2 Chronicles 34:33). This inspires us to lead by example, knowing that our faithfulness can influence others and leave a positive impact for years to come. 10. The Assurance of God's Faithfulness Throughout Josiah's story, we see God's faithfulness in responding to sincere devotion and repentance. Despite the nation's previous disobedience, God honored Josiah's efforts to restore true worship. "Because your heart was responsive and you humbled yourself before God...I have heard you, declares the LORD" (2 Chronicles 34:27). This reassures us that God is faithful to His promises and attentive to those who earnestly seek Him. Topics 1. Josiah's Reign and Righteousness Josiah became king at eight years old and reigned in Jerusalem for thirty-one years. He is noted for doing "what was right in the eyes of the LORD" (2 Chronicles 34:2). The Hebrew word for "right" (יָשָׁר, yashar) implies uprightness and integrity, highlighting Josiah's commitment to following God's ways. 2. Purge of Idolatry In the twelfth year of his reign, Josiah began to purge Judah and Jerusalem of high places, Asherah poles, carved idols, and cast images (2 Chronicles 34:3-4). This reflects a return to monotheistic worship, aligning with the Hebrew term בָּעַר (ba'ar), meaning to remove or burn away impurities. 3. Repair of the Temple Josiah ordered the repair of the temple of the LORD, which had fallen into disrepair (2 Chronicles 34:8). The Hebrew root חָזַק (chazaq) used here implies strengthening or fortifying, indicating a restoration of both physical and spiritual integrity. 4. Discovery of the Book of the Law During the temple repairs, Hilkiah the priest found the Book of the Law of the LORD given through Moses (2 Chronicles 34:14). The Hebrew term סֵפֶר (sefer) refers to a written document, underscoring the importance of Scripture in guiding the nation. 5. Josiah's Response to the Law Upon hearing the words of the Law, Josiah tore his clothes in distress, recognizing the nation's disobedience (2 Chronicles 34:19). The act of tearing one's garments (קָרַע, qara) is a Hebrew expression of deep sorrow and repentance. 6. Consultation with Huldah the Prophetess Josiah sent officials to consult Huldah the prophetess regarding the words of the Book (2 Chronicles 34:22). This highlights the role of prophets in interpreting God's will, with the Hebrew נָבִיא (navi) indicating a spokesperson for God. 7. Huldah's Prophecy Huldah prophesied disaster for Judah due to their idolatry but assured Josiah of peace during his reign because of his humility and repentance (2 Chronicles 34:24-28). The Hebrew שָׁלוֹם (shalom) signifies peace and completeness, promised to Josiah for his faithfulness. 8. Renewal of the Covenant Josiah gathered the people and renewed the covenant with the LORD, committing to follow His commands wholeheartedly (2 Chronicles 34:31). The Hebrew בְּרִית (berit) for covenant emphasizes a binding agreement, reflecting a collective return to God's law. 9. Nationwide Reformation Josiah led a nationwide reformation, removing all detestable idols and ensuring that the people served the LORD (2 Chronicles 34:33). The Hebrew עָבַד (avad) for serve indicates worship and obedience, marking a national revival of faith. Themes 1. Righteous Leadership Josiah's reign is marked by a return to righteousness and adherence to God's laws. At the age of eight, Josiah becomes king and begins to seek the God of his ancestor David. This theme highlights the importance of godly leadership and the impact it can have on a nation. The Hebrew root for "seek" (דָּרַשׁ, darash) implies a diligent and intentional pursuit of God. 2. Religious Reformation Josiah initiates a significant religious reform by purging Judah and Jerusalem of high places, Asherah poles, and idols. This theme underscores the necessity of removing idolatry and false worship to restore true worship of Yahweh. The Hebrew word for "purge" (טָהֵר, taher) conveys the idea of cleansing and purification. 3. Rediscovery of the Law During the temple repairs, the Book of the Law is found, leading to a renewed commitment to God's covenant. This theme emphasizes the transformative power of God's Word when it is rediscovered and applied. The Hebrew term for "book" (סֵפֶר, sefer) refers to a written document, highlighting the importance of Scripture. 4. Repentance and Humility Upon hearing the words of the Law, Josiah tears his clothes in repentance and seeks guidance from the prophetess Huldah. This theme illustrates the importance of humility and repentance in response to God's Word. The Hebrew root for "repent" (נָחַם, nacham) involves a change of mind and heart. 5. Covenant Renewal Josiah leads the people in renewing their covenant with God, committing to follow His commandments wholeheartedly. This theme highlights the significance of covenant faithfulness and communal commitment to God's laws. The Hebrew word for "covenant" (בְּרִית, berit) signifies a binding agreement or promise. 6. Prophetic Guidance The consultation with Huldah the prophetess demonstrates the role of prophetic guidance in understanding and applying God's will. This theme underscores the value of seeking divine insight through God's appointed messengers. The Hebrew term for "prophetess" (נְבִיאָה, neviah) indicates a female prophet who speaks on behalf of God. 7. Divine Judgment and Mercy Despite Josiah's reforms, God declares impending judgment on Judah due to the sins of previous generations. However, Josiah is promised peace during his lifetime because of his faithfulness. This theme reflects the balance of divine justice and mercy. The Hebrew root for "judgment" (מִשְׁפָּט, mishpat) involves legal decisions and justice, while "mercy" (חֶסֶד, chesed) conveys loving-kindness and compassion. Prayer Points Pray for a heart like Josiah's, eager to seek God and do what is right. Ask God to reveal and remove any idols in our lives. Pray for a renewed commitment to studying and obeying God's Word. Seek God's guidance in leading others towards spiritual renewal and revival. Pray for humility and a willingness to repent when confronted with sin. Answering Tough Questions 1. (2 Chronicles 34:1) How plausible is it that an eight-year-old could rule a nation and initiate extensive reforms? 2. (2 Chronicles 34:3) Is there historical or archeological evidence to confirm Josiah’s widespread destruction of pagan sites? 3. (2 Chronicles 34:8–18) How credible is the claim that a long-lost book of the Law was rediscovered in the Temple after being forgotten for generations? 4. (2 Chronicles 34:22–28) Why would King Josiah consult the prophetess Huldah instead of better-known prophets like Jeremiah, if both were contemporaries? 5. (2 Chronicles 34:33) Is the idea of an entire nation immediately renewing covenant commitments consistent with known historical and cultural practices? Bible Study Discussion Questions 1. How does Josiah's example inspire leadership that seeks to serve God today? 2. What can we learn from the discovery of the Book of the Law in the Temple? 3. What does the reaction of Josiah to the reading of the Book of the Law teach us about humility and repentance? 4. How does the prophecy of Huldah serve as a warning and reassurance for Josiah and for us today? 5. In what ways can you apply Josiah's covenant renewal in your spiritual life? 6. How can the actions of Josiah inspire you to remove spiritual "idols" from your life? 7. What lessons can contemporary believers draw from Josiah's spiritual reforms? 8. How can we "repair the temple" in our own hearts? 9. How does the story of Josiah encourage you to explore and study the Bible more deeply? 10. What measures can we take to avoid spiritual complacency and neglect as seen in the period before Josiah's reforms? 11. In our world today, what might be equivalent to the "high places" that Josiah tore down? 12. How can we respond when we realize that our actions have been contrary to God's commands, as in the case of Josiah's realization? 13. How does the prophecy of Huldah reinforce the importance of seeking godly counsel? 14. In what ways can the Church today initiate spiritual revival similar to Josiah's reforms? 15. How does the story of Josiah influence your understanding of personal and communal responsibility in following God's commands? 16. How can you make a difference in your spiritual community, following Josiah's example? 17. What are the "lost" spiritual truths that need to be "found" in our time? 18. How do Josiah's actions demonstrate the intersection of faith and action? 19. How can you personally respond to the spiritual lessons from Josiah's life and reign? 20. In a world that often prioritizes personal desires over divine law, how can we stay true to God's commands? Bible Hub Chapter Summaries and Bible Study Questions