◄ Isaiah 4 ►
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Berean Standard Bible | Par ▾
A Remnant in Zion 1In that day seven women will take hold of one man and say, “We will eat our own bread and provide our own clothes. Just let us be called by your name. Take away our disgrace!” 2On that day the Branch of the LORD will be beautiful and glorious, and the fruit of the land will be the pride and glory of Israel’s survivors. 3Whoever remains in Zion and whoever is left in Jerusalem will be called holy— all in Jerusalem who are recorded among the living— 4when the Lord has washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion and cleansed the bloodstains from the heart of Jerusalem by a spirit of judgment and a spirit of fire. 5Then the LORD will create over all of Mount Zion and over her assemblies a cloud of smoke by day and a glowing flame of fire by night. For over all the glory there will be a canopy, 6a shelter to give shade from the heat by day, and a refuge and hiding place from the storm and the rain. Berean Standard Bible (BSB) printed 2016, 2020, 2022, 2025 by Bible Hub and Berean.Bible. Produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, unfoldingWord, Bible Aquifer, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee. This text of God's Word has been dedicated to the public domain. Free downloads and unlimited usage available. See also the Berean Literal Bible and Berean Interlinear Bible. Bible Hub Isaiah 4 Summary A Remnant in Zion Verse 1 – Seven Women, One Man War has so decimated Judah’s male population that seven women are willing to share one husband if only their shame of childlessness and widowhood can be lifted. Verse 2 – The Beautiful Branch Amid judgment, God promises “the Branch of the LORD” whose splendor and the land’s fruit will delight the surviving remnant. Verse 3 – A Holy Remnant Those left in Zion will be called holy—everyone “recorded among the living,” marked out for life instead of destruction. Verse 4 – Cleansing Fire and Judgment The Lord Himself will wash away Zion’s filth and bloodstains “by a spirit of judgment and a spirit of fire,” removing guilt and purifying the city. Verses 5–6 – Protective Glory Canopy God restores His ancient sign of presence—a cloud by day, fire by night—forming a shining canopy that shelters His people from heat, storm, and rain. Isaiah 4 is a brief yet profound chapter in the Book of Isaiah. It provides a vivid transition from God's judgement to His restoration, demonstrating a beautiful balance between justice and mercy. While the chapter starts with the bleak aftermath of God's judgement, it swiftly moves to depict a glorious future that awaits Jerusalem and Mount Zion, thus kindling a ray of hope and promise. Historical Setting Isaiah preached in Judah around 740–700 BC, when Assyria’s armies loomed and local wars thinned the population. Moral collapse, idolatry, and social injustice filled Jerusalem (Isaiah 1:21-23). Chapter 4 breaks into this bleak backdrop with a razor-thin slice of hope. Social Impact of War: The Gender Imbalance • Armies and male-only conscription left many women bereft. • In honor-shame culture, childlessness and lack of a husband spelled disgrace (Genesis 30:23). • “We will eat our own bread” (4:1) shows willingness to forgo dowry and provision—desperation born of war. “Branch of the LORD” – A Messianic Promise “On that day the Branch of the LORD will be beautiful and glorious” (4:2). • Hebrew tsemaḥ, “sprout,” appears in Jeremiah 23:5; 33:15; Zechariah 3:8; 6:12—each time pointing to a coming king from David’s line. • Matthew 2:23 plays on “Nazareth” (Netzer, shoot). • Jesus called Himself “the true vine” (John 15:1), gathering the botanical thread. • Fruitful land mirrors Eden restored (Isaiah 51:3). Purification: Washing and Fire • “Washed away” echoes Isaiah 1:16-18 (“Though your sins are like scarlet…”). • Fire signals both judgment (Amos 1) and refining (Zechariah 13:9; Malachi 3:2-3). • The New Covenant applies the same picture: “He saved us… by the washing of rebirth and renewal by the Holy Spirit” (Titus 3:5). The Remnant and the Book of Life Verse 3 pictures names recorded for survival. Scripture links: • Exodus 32:32-33—Moses pleads for Israel’s entry in God’s book. • Daniel 12:1—those “found written in the book” are rescued. • Luke 10:20; Revelation 20:12—all culminate in a heavenly registry. God’s grace shines: not all are swept away; a remnant is preserved. Divine Covering: Clouds, Fire, and Canopy • Exodus 13:21-22—pillar of cloud and fire leads Israel. • Numbers 9:15-23—same glory rests over the tabernacle. • Isaiah 4:5-6 re-applies it over Mount Zion, signaling a new Exodus. Key words: – “Canopy” (ḥuppāh) is used of bridal chambers (Psalm 19:5). – “Shelter” recalls the booths of Tabernacles (Leviticus 23:42-43). God again covers His people, this time forever. Archaeological Insights • Sennacherib’s prism (ca. 701 BC) boasts of capturing “46 fortified cities of Judah,” explaining population loss behind 4:1. • Bullae (seal impressions) from 8th-century Jerusalem bear names like “Jeremiah,” “Hezekiah,” confirming biblical officials of Isaiah’s day. • Remains of Judean houses show cramped rooftop rooms— suitable for shared shelter imagery (4:6). Connections Across Scripture • Genesis 3:24 vs. Isaiah 4:6—flaming sword that once shut people out becomes protective flame drawing them in. • John 1:14—“The Word became flesh and dwelt (tabernacled) among us.” The glory canopy moves from desert tent to human life. • Revelation 7:15-17—God’s tabernacle spreads over the redeemed; heat and storm no longer harm. Living Lessons • Judgment is real, yet always paired with a door of hope. • God preserves a remnant—trust Him when culture crumbles. • Christ, the Branch, is both beauty and sustenance; remain attached to Him for fruit that lasts. • The same Lord who refines by fire stands as shade and refuge; cling to His covering in every storm. Connections to Additional Scriptures Jeremiah 23:5-6 This passage also speaks of the Branch and highlights the righteousness and justice that the Messiah will bring. Zechariah 3:8-9 Another reference to the Branch, emphasizing the removal of sin and the coming of God's servant. John 15:1-5 Jesus describes Himself as the true vine, a New Testament connection to the imagery of the Branch, emphasizing our need to abide in Him. Teaching Points The Branch of the Lord Isaiah 4:2 states, On that day the Branch of the LORD will be beautiful and glorious, and the fruit of the land will be the pride and glory of the survivors of Israel. The Branch is a messianic title, pointing to Jesus Christ, who embodies God's beauty and glory. Purification and Holiness Verses 3-4 describe a process of cleansing: Then the Lord will wash away the filth of the daughters of Zion and cleanse the bloodstains from Jerusalem by a spirit of judgment and a spirit of fire. This purification is necessary for the people to be holy and set apart for God. Divine Protection and Presence In verses 5-6, God promises a canopy of protection: Then the LORD will create over all of Mount Zion and over her assemblies a cloud of smoke by day and a glow of flaming fire by night. This imagery recalls the Exodus, symbolizing God's continual presence and protection. Practical Applications Seek Christ's Beauty In a world that often distorts beauty, focus on the true beauty found in Christ, the Branch of the Lord. Let His character and teachings shape your understanding of what is truly glorious. Embrace God's Purification Allow God to cleanse and refine you through His Spirit. This may involve repentance and a willingness to let go of sin, trusting in His transformative power. Rest in God's Protection In times of uncertainty, remember that God's presence is a shelter and refuge. Trust in His promises and find peace under His divine canopy. People 1. The Branch of the LORD Description: In Isaiah 4:2, the "Branch of the LORD" is mentioned as a symbol of beauty and glory. In a conservative Christian perspective, this is often interpreted as a messianic reference to Jesus Christ. The Hebrew word for "Branch" is "צֶמַח" (tsemach), which is used in other prophetic texts to denote a future leader or savior. 2. The Survivors of Israel Description: Isaiah 4:2-3 speaks of those who are left in Zion and remain in Jerusalem, referred to as "holy" and "recorded among the living in Jerusalem." These are the remnant who survive the judgment and are purified. The Hebrew root for "survivors" is "שָׁאַר" (sha'ar), indicating those who are left or remain. 3. The Daughters of Zion Description: In Isaiah 4:4, the "daughters of Zion" are mentioned in the context of being cleansed by the LORD. This term often symbolizes the people of Jerusalem or Israel, particularly in their state of needing purification and redemption. The Hebrew word "בַּת" (bat) means "daughter," and "צִיּוֹן" (Tziyon) refers to Zion, a hill in Jerusalem representing the city or the people. Places 1. Zion While not explicitly named in Isaiah 4, Zion is implicitly referenced as the place where the remnant of Israel will be purified and where the Lord's presence will dwell. Zion, often synonymous with Jerusalem, represents the spiritual center of God's people and His kingdom. In Hebrew, "Zion" (צִיּוֹן, Tziyon) is a term that signifies a place of refuge and divine presence. 2. Jerusalem Similarly, Jerusalem is not directly mentioned in Isaiah 4, but it is understood as the city that will be cleansed and restored. Jerusalem is the historical and spiritual heart of Israel, symbolizing God's covenant with His people. The Hebrew name "Jerusalem" (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, Yerushalayim) means "foundation of peace," reflecting its intended role as a place of divine peace and justice. Events 1. The Desperation of Women (Isaiah 4:1) "On that day seven women will take hold of one man and say, 'We will eat our own bread and provide our own clothes. Only let us be called by your name. Take away our disgrace!'" This verse describes a time of desperation and social upheaval, where women seek to remove their disgrace by associating with a man, highlighting the societal collapse and the scarcity of men due to war or judgment. 2. The Branch of the LORD (Isaiah 4:2) "On that day the Branch of the LORD will be beautiful and glorious, and the fruit of the land will be the pride and glory of the survivors of Israel." The "Branch of the LORD" (Hebrew: צֶמַח, ^tsemach^) is often interpreted as a messianic reference, symbolizing hope and restoration. It signifies the coming of a future leader or savior who will bring beauty and glory to the remnant of Israel. 3. The Purification of Jerusalem (Isaiah 4:3-4) "Then the survivors in Zion and the remnant in Jerusalem will be called holy—all who are recorded among the living in Jerusalem—when the Lord has washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion and cleansed the bloodstains from the heart of Jerusalem by a spirit of judgment and a spirit of fire." This event describes the purification and sanctification of Jerusalem. The "spirit of judgment" and "spirit of fire" (Hebrew: רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט וּרוּחַ בָּעֵר) indicate a divine cleansing process, purging sin and restoring holiness to the city and its people. 4. The LORD's Protective Presence (Isaiah 4:5-6) "Then the LORD will create over all of Mount Zion and over her assemblies a cloud of smoke by day and a glowing flame of fire by night. For over all the glory there will be a canopy, a shelter to give shade from the heat by day, and a refuge and hiding place from the storm and rain." This passage promises divine protection and presence, reminiscent of the pillar of cloud and fire during the Exodus (Exodus 13:21-22). The "canopy" (Hebrew: חֻפָּה, ^chuppah^) symbolizes God's covering and protection over His people, providing refuge and safety. Lessons from Isaiah 4 1. The Beauty of Holiness Isaiah 4:2 speaks of "the Branch of the LORD" being beautiful and glorious. This verse reminds us that true beauty is found in holiness and righteousness. In a world obsessed with outward appearances, we are called to focus on the inner beauty that comes from a life aligned with God's will. As we pursue holiness, we reflect the glory of our Creator, becoming a beacon of light in a dark world. 2. The Promise of Restoration The chapter highlights God's promise to restore His people. Isaiah 4:3 mentions those who are "left in Zion" and "remain in Jerusalem" will be called holy. This is a powerful reminder that no matter how far we stray, God is always ready to restore us when we turn back to Him. His grace is sufficient, and His mercy is new every morning. 3. The Purifying Fire Isaiah 4:4 speaks of the Lord washing away the filth of the daughters of Zion and purging the bloodstains of Jerusalem by a spirit of judgment and a spirit of fire. This purification process, though sometimes painful, is necessary for spiritual growth. Just as gold is refined by fire, our faith is strengthened through trials, leading us to a deeper relationship with God. 4. The Shelter of God's Presence In Isaiah 4:5, we read about the Lord creating a canopy of glory over Mount Zion. This symbolizes God's protective presence over His people. In our daily lives, we can find comfort and security knowing that God is our refuge and strength, a very present help in trouble (Psalm 46:1). His presence is our ultimate shelter from life's storms. 5. The Call to Righteous Living The chapter emphasizes the importance of living a life that honors God. Isaiah 4:3 calls those who remain faithful "holy." This is a call to action for us to live righteously, not by our own strength, but through the power of the Holy Spirit. As we strive to live according to God's standards, we become living testimonies of His transformative power. 6. The Assurance of God's Faithfulness Isaiah 4 reassures us of God's unwavering faithfulness. Despite the unfaithfulness of His people, God remains committed to His promises. This is a comforting reminder that even when we falter, God is steadfast. His faithfulness is our anchor, giving us hope and confidence in His eternal promises. 7. The Vision of a Glorious Future The chapter paints a picture of a future where God's glory is fully revealed. Isaiah 4:2 speaks of a time when the Branch of the LORD will be beautiful and glorious. This vision encourages us to look beyond our present circumstances and fix our eyes on the eternal glory that awaits us. It fuels our hope and strengthens our resolve to persevere in faith. 8. The Importance of Community Isaiah 4:5-6 describes a community united under God's protection. This highlights the importance of fellowship and unity among believers. As we gather together, we encourage one another, bear each other's burdens, and grow in our faith. The church is not just a building; it's a family where we find support and strength. 9. The Role of Divine Judgment The chapter reminds us of the reality of divine judgment. Isaiah 4:4 speaks of a spirit of judgment and fire. While this may seem daunting, it serves as a reminder of God's justice and righteousness. It calls us to examine our lives, repent of our sins, and seek God's forgiveness, knowing that His judgment is always tempered with mercy. 10. The Hope of Redemption Ultimately, Isaiah 4 is a message of hope and redemption. Despite the challenges and trials we face, God's plan is to redeem and restore His people. This hope is anchored in the resurrection of Christ, the ultimate source of our salvation. As we trust in Him, we are assured of a future filled with His glory and grace. Topics 1. The Seven Women and One Man (Isaiah 4:1) This verse describes a time of desperation and social upheaval, where "seven women will take hold of one man" to remove their reproach. The Hebrew word for "reproach" (חֶרְפָּה, cherpah) indicates disgrace or shame, reflecting the societal consequences of war and judgment. 2. The Branch of the LORD (Isaiah 4:2) The "Branch of the LORD" is a messianic title, symbolizing hope and restoration. The Hebrew term "צֶמַח" (tsemach) is used here, often interpreted as a reference to the coming Messiah, who will be "beautiful and glorious." 3. The Remnant in Zion (Isaiah 4:3) This verse speaks of a purified remnant in Zion, "everyone who remains in Jerusalem will be called holy." The concept of a remnant (שְׁאָר, she'ar) is significant in biblical prophecy, indicating those who survive judgment and are set apart for God. 4. Cleansing and Purification (Isaiah 4:4) The LORD will "wash away the filth of the daughters of Zion" and "cleanse the bloodstains of Jerusalem." The Hebrew word for "wash" (רָחַץ, rachatz) suggests a thorough purification process, emphasizing spiritual renewal. 5. The LORD's Protective Presence (Isaiah 4:5-6) These verses describe the LORD's protective presence over Mount Zion, with a "cloud by day and a glow of flaming fire by night." This imagery recalls the divine guidance during the Exodus, symbolizing God's ongoing protection and provision for His people. Each topic reflects key themes of judgment, hope, and restoration, central to the message of Isaiah and the broader biblical narrative. Themes 1. The Purification of Jerusalem Isaiah 4:2-4 speaks of a time when "the Branch of the LORD will be beautiful and glorious," and the survivors in Jerusalem will be called holy. This theme highlights the purification and sanctification of the city and its people. The Hebrew word for "Branch" (צֶמַח, ^tsemach^) signifies a sprout or growth, often interpreted as a messianic reference, pointing to the future hope and restoration through divine intervention. 2. The Remnant of Israel The passage emphasizes the concept of a remnant, as seen in Isaiah 4:3: "And it will come to pass that he who is left in Zion and remains in Jerusalem will be called holy." This theme underscores the idea that a faithful group will endure through judgment and be set apart for God's purposes. The Hebrew root for "remains" (שָׁאַר, ^sha'ar^) conveys the notion of survival and continuity. 3. Divine Cleansing and Judgment Isaiah 4:4 describes the LORD's cleansing of the filth of the daughters of Zion and the bloodstains of Jerusalem by a spirit of judgment and a spirit of burning. This theme reflects God's purifying judgment, which removes impurity and sin. The Hebrew word for "cleansing" (רָחַץ, ^rachatz^) implies washing or purifying, indicating a thorough purification process. 4. The Glory of God's Presence In Isaiah 4:5-6, the LORD's presence is depicted as a canopy of glory over Mount Zion, providing shelter and protection. This theme highlights the divine presence as a source of refuge and security for the faithful. The Hebrew word for "glory" (כָּבוֹד, ^kavod^) signifies weightiness or honor, emphasizing the majesty and splendor of God's presence among His people. Prayer Points Thanksgiving for Christ Praise God for sending Jesus, the Branch, who is our source of beauty and glory. Desire for Holiness Pray for a heart that seeks purification and holiness, asking God to cleanse you from all unrighteousness. Trust in God's Presence Ask for faith to trust in God's protection and presence, especially in challenging times. As we reflect on Isaiah 4, may we be encouraged by the promise of God's beauty, purification, and protection, and may these truths transform our lives. Answering Tough Questions 1. In Isaiah 4:1, how could seven women outnumber men to such an extreme level, and is there any historical or scientific evidence for such a ratio? 2. In Isaiah 4:2, how can a “Branch of the Lord” literally be “beautiful and glorious,” and is there any archaeological proof to support this description? 3. In Isaiah 4:3, how do we reconcile the idea of a holy remnant in Jerusalem with records of ongoing conflicts and population shifts in that region? 4. Isaiah 4:4 speaks of cleansing by “spirit of judgment” and “spirit of burning”—how should this be interpreted in a literal sense, and is there any parallel in historical or scientific records? 5. How do claims in Isaiah 4 regarding future restoration align or conflict with other Old Testament prophecies about judgment and destruction? Bible Study Discussion Questions 1. How does Isaiah 4 contrast with the preceding chapters in terms of tone and content? 2. What does the number seven signify in the context of seven women clinging to one man in verse 1? 3. How does the description of women in verse 1 reflect the dire circumstances of that time? 4. What does the "Branch of the LORD" represent in verse 2? 5. How does the imagery of washing away filth and purging bloodstains in verse 4 reflect the process of purification? 6. What parallels can you draw between the divine presence in Isaiah 4 and the divine presence during the Exodus? 7. How can the "canopy" in verse 5 be seen as a symbol of God's protection? 8. How does the promise of future glory in Isaiah 4 inspire you in times of personal trials and difficulties? 9. In the face of judgement or difficult times, how would you apply the message of hope and restoration from Isaiah 4 in your life? 10. What lessons can we draw from the transformation of Zion for personal spiritual growth? 11. How does the depiction of the aftermath of God's judgement influence your understanding of God's justice? 12. How can the redemption and purification of Zion be reflected in present-day societies or communities? 13. How might the promises in Isaiah 4 influence a believer's worldview or lifestyle? 14. In the context of Isaiah 4, how can trials and judgements serve as avenues for purification? 15. How can you seek God's protection, akin to the 'canopy' in verse 5, in everyday life? 16. How does Isaiah 4 emphasize the balance between God's judgement and mercy? 17. How can you foster a hopeful outlook like the one portrayed in Isaiah 4 in face of the current global challenges? 18. What are some practical ways to embody the purified and sanctified life prophesied for the remnant of Zion? 19. How does the assurance of God's care and protection influence your faith during difficult times? 20. In what ways can the Messianic Age's future glory be a source of inspiration and hope in your daily life? Bible Hub Chapter Summaries and Bible Study Questions