◄ Titus 3 ►
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Heirs of Grace 1Remind the believers to submit to rulers and authorities, to be obedient and ready for every good work, 2to malign no one, and to be peaceable and gentle, showing full consideration to everyone. 3For at one time we too were foolish, disobedient, misled, and enslaved to all sorts of desires and pleasures—living in malice and envy, being hated and hating one another. 4But when the kindness of God our Savior and His love for mankind appeared, 5He saved us, not by the righteous deeds we had done, but according to His mercy, through the washing of new birtha and renewal by the Holy Spirit. 6This is the Spirit He poured out on us abundantly through Jesus Christ our Savior, 7so that, having been justified by His grace, we would become heirs with the hope of eternal life. 8This saying is trustworthy. And I want you to emphasize these things, so that those who have believed God will take care to devote themselves to good deeds. These things are excellent and profitable for the people. Avoid Divisions (Romans 16:17–20) 9But avoid foolish controversies, genealogies, arguments, and quarrels about the law, because these things are pointless and worthless. 10Reject a divisive man after a first and second admonition, 11knowing that such a man is corrupt and sinful; he is self-condemned. Final Remarks and Greetings 12As soon as I send Artemas or Tychicus to you, make every effort to come to me at Nicopolis, because I have decided to winter there. 13Do your best to equip Zenas the lawyer and Apollos, so that they will have everything they need. 14And our people must also learn to devote themselves to good works in order to meet the pressing needs of others, so that they will not be unfruitful. 15All who are with me send you greetings. Greet those who love us in the faith. Grace be with all of you.b Footnotes: 5 a Or of regeneration 15 b BYZ and TR include Amen. Berean Standard Bible (BSB) printed 2016, 2020, 2022, 2025 by Bible Hub and Berean.Bible. Produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, unfoldingWord, Bible Aquifer, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee. This text of God's Word has been dedicated to the public domain. Free downloads and unlimited usage available. See also the Berean Literal Bible and Berean Interlinear Bible. Bible Hub Titus 3 Summary Heirs of Grace Verses 1–2 – Respectful Citizens and Ready Helpers Paul tells Titus to keep reminding the believers to “be subject to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for every good work, to malign no one, to be peaceable and gentle, showing full consideration to everyone.” The church’s public witness starts with humble cooperation and practical kindness. Verse 3 – Our Past Condition “For at one time we too were foolish, disobedient, misled, and enslaved to all kinds of passions and pleasures.” Paul levels the ground—every Christian once lived in darkness, so arrogance has no place in the community. Verses 4–7 – God’s Saving Kindness “But when the kindness of God our Savior and His love for mankind appeared, He saved us—not by works of righteousness that we had done, but according to His mercy, through the washing of rebirth and renewal by the Holy Spirit.” Salvation is a gift. We receive cleansing, new life, and the Spirit, and we are “justified by His grace” so we might “become heirs according to the hope of eternal life.” Verse 8 – Stress These Things “This saying is trustworthy.” Titus must keep hammering home grace-based salvation so that believers “devote themselves to good works.” Sound doctrine fuels practical service. Verses 9–11 – Stay Away from Empty Arguments “Foolish controversies, genealogies, quarrels, and disputes about the Law are unprofitable and worthless.” A divisive person gets two warnings; then fellowship is withdrawn. Unity matters more than winning debates that go nowhere. Verses 12–14 – Working Together Paul will send Artemis or Tychicus; Titus is to join him in Nicopolis. “Diligently equip Zenas the lawyer and Apollos,” and teach the church to “devote themselves to good works, to meet pressing needs.” Ministry is a team effort. Verse 15 – Final Blessing “Grace be with you all.” Every plan, every good work, every act of unity depends on God’s unfailing grace. Titus 3, as part of the Apostle Paul's pastoral epistles, provides key teachings on Christian conduct, the importance of good works, the transformative power of God's grace, and guidelines for dealing with divisive people and issues. This chapter underscores the profound change that salvation brings in a believer's life and the importance of living out these changes practically and visibly. Historical Setting Crete lay under Roman rule, infamous for piracy and moral laxity (cf. Titus 1:12). Believers there needed clear guidance on how to live honorably under secular authorities. Paul writes from somewhere in the Roman world, probably after his first imprisonment (compare Acts 28) and before his final arrest (2 Timothy). Crete and Roman Authority • Romans 13:1-7 and 1 Peter 2:13-17 echo the call to submit to governing powers. • Archaeological finds from Gortyn, Crete’s chief city, display detailed civic law codes. Christians had to navigate those codes without compromising faith. • Early inscriptions show Roman governors praised citizens who promoted public order—exactly the posture Paul urges. Remembering Our Past to Fuel Mercy (v. 3) • Ephesians 2:1-3 paints the same “once-were” picture. • Awareness of past sin curbs pride and sparks compassion toward outsiders still caught in the same traps. Practical tip: rehearse your testimony; it keeps gratitude fresh. God’s Saving Kindness (vv. 4-7) Connected to Other Scriptures • John 3:5 – Jesus speaks of being “born of water and the Spirit,” parallel to “washing of rebirth.” • 1 Corinthians 6:11 – “You were washed…sanctified…justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.” Salvation rests on God’s mercy, not our merit; yet it produces visible change. The Holy Spirit’s Renewal • Ezekiel 36:25-27 predicted a heart cleanse and Spirit infusion. • Acts 2:38 shows early fulfillment when repentant crowds receive the Spirit. Believers today rely on the same inner work for transformation. Good Works: Evidence, Not Earning (vv. 8, 14) • Ephesians 2:8-10—saved “not by works,” yet “created in Christ Jesus for good works.” • Matthew 5:16—“Let your light shine…that they may see your good works and glorify your Father.” Paul circles back twice (vv. 8, 14) because Crete’s churches risked drifting into idle debate instead of active service. Avoiding Empty Controversies (vv. 9-11) • 2 Timothy 2:23—“Reject foolish and ignorant disputes.” • Genealogy obsessions paralleled later rabbinic debates tracing purity lines; Paul calls them a distraction. Action step: if a topic doesn’t build faith or love, steer clear. Handling a Divisive Person • Matthew 18:15-17 gives Jesus’ pattern: private, then small-group, then church-wide confrontation. • After two warnings, separation shows seriousness while leaving space for repentance. Paul’s Ministry Network (vv. 12-13) Artemis: otherwise unknown but trustworthy. Tychicus: carrier of Ephesians and Colossians (Ephesians 6:21). Zenas: likely expert in Roman law—useful on Crete. Apollos: eloquent teacher from Alexandria (Acts 18:24-28). Their varied gifts underline the body’s diversity. Archaeological Insights: Nicopolis • Ruins on Greece’s west coast reveal a sizable first-century city founded by Emperor Augustus. • Road networks from Crete to Nicopolis crossed the Adriatic; Paul’s travel request fits maritime patterns. • Remains of an early basilica suggest later Christian presence, perhaps rooted in Paul’s winter there. Key Themes in Titus 3 1. Grace saves; good works display grace. 2. Christians live as model citizens without compromising allegiance to Christ. 3. Sound teaching guards against empty arguments. 4. Unity is protected through loving but firm discipline. 5. Gospel work is relational—no lone rangers. Practical Takeaways • Respect local laws unless they violate God’s commands. • Remember your BC (“before Christ”) account to stay humble. • Lean on the Spirit for ongoing renewal. • Look for needs and meet them—faith turns into action. • Keep discussions focused on essentials; walk away from fruitless debates. Connections to Additional Scriptures Romans 13:1-7 Discusses submission to governing authorities and the Christian's responsibility to the state. Ephesians 2:8-10 Highlights salvation by grace through faith and the role of good works as a result of salvation. Philippians 2:3-4 Encourages humility and considering others above ourselves, aligning with the call to gentleness and peace in Titus 3. James 2:14-17 Explores the relationship between faith and works, emphasizing that faith without works is dead. Teaching Points Submission to Authority Titus 3:1 instructs believers to be subject to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for every good work. This emphasizes the importance of respecting and obeying governmental and societal structures as part of our Christian witness. Christian Conduct Verse 2 encourages us to slander no one, to be peaceable and gentle, showing full consideration to everyone. Our interactions should reflect Christ's love and humility, avoiding quarrels and promoting peace. Transformation through Grace Verses 3-7 remind us of our past state of sin and the transformative power of God's mercy. He saved us, not by the righteous deeds we had done, but according to His mercy, through the washing of new birth and renewal by the Holy Spirit (Titus 3:5). This underscores salvation as a gift of grace, not earned by works. Devotion to Good Works In verse 8, Paul stresses that those who have believed in God should be careful to devote themselves to good works. Good works are a natural outflow of a life changed by the gospel. Avoidance of Divisive Behavior Verses 9-11 warn against engaging in foolish controversies, genealogies, arguments, and quarrels about the law, which are unprofitable and useless. Instead, we are to focus on unity and edification within the body of Christ. Practical Applications Respect Authority Evaluate your attitude towards authority figures in your life. Are you respectful and obedient, as Titus 3:1 instructs? Promote Peace Consider how you can be a peacemaker in your community, workplace, and family. Are there relationships where you need to show more gentleness and consideration? Reflect on Grace Take time to reflect on the grace and mercy God has shown you. How does this impact your daily life and interactions with others? Engage in Good Works Identify specific ways you can serve others and demonstrate your faith through good works. How can you be more intentional in your acts of service? Foster Unity Avoid divisive conversations and focus on building up others in love. Are there areas where you need to seek reconciliation or avoid unnecessary disputes? People 1. Paul The author of the letter, an apostle of Jesus Christ. He is writing to Titus to provide guidance and instruction. The Greek root for his name is Παῦλος (Paulos). 2. Titus The recipient of the letter, a trusted companion and fellow worker of Paul. He is tasked with organizing and instructing the church in Crete. The Greek root for his name is Τίτος (Titos). 3. Jesus Christ Referred to as "our Savior" in Titus 3:6. He is central to the Christian faith and the source of salvation. The Greek root for his name is Ἰησοῦς Χριστός (Iēsous Christos). 4. God Referred to as "God our Savior" in Titus 3:4. He is the divine being who initiates salvation through His mercy. The Greek root for God is Θεός (Theos). 5. The Holy Spirit Mentioned in Titus 3:5 as the one through whom believers are renewed and regenerated. The Greek root for Spirit is Πνεῦμα (Pneuma). 6. Believers Indirectly referenced as those who have received salvation and are called to live godly lives. They are the recipients of the teachings and instructions given by Paul to Titus. Places In Titus 3, the Berean Standard Bible does not specifically mention any geographical places. The chapter primarily focuses on instructions for Christian living, emphasizing good works, avoiding foolish disputes, and the importance of grace. Since there are no specific places mentioned in Titus 3, a numbered list of places cannot be provided. If you have any other questions or need further assistance with a different passage or topic, feel free to ask! Events 1. Reminder to Submit to Authorities Paul instructs Titus to remind the believers to be subject to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, and to be ready for every good work. This reflects the Greek term "ὑποτάσσω" (hypotassō), meaning to arrange under or to be subject to. 2. Call to Speak Evil of No One Believers are encouraged to slander no one, to be peaceable and considerate, and to show true humility toward all men. The Greek word "βλασφημέω" (blasphēmeō) is used for "speak evil," emphasizing the importance of respectful speech. 3. Transformation Through God's Mercy Paul reminds them of their past foolishness and disobedience but highlights the transformation that comes through the kindness and love of God our Savior. The Greek word "χρηστότης" (chrēstotēs) for "kindness" underscores God's benevolent nature. 4. Salvation Not by Works, but by Mercy Salvation is described as not being due to righteous deeds but according to God's mercy, through the washing of rebirth and renewal by the Holy Spirit. The Greek term "παλιγγενεσία" (palingenesia) refers to regeneration or new birth. 5. Justification by Grace Believers are justified by God's grace, becoming heirs with the hope of eternal life. The Greek word "δικαιόω" (dikaioō) for "justified" indicates being declared righteous. 6. Exhortation to Good Works Paul stresses that those who have believed in God should be careful to devote themselves to good works, which are excellent and profitable for everyone. The Greek "καλός" (kalos) for "good" implies that these works are noble and honorable. 7. Avoidance of Foolish Controversies Titus is advised to avoid foolish controversies, genealogies, arguments, and quarrels about the law, as they are unprofitable and useless. The Greek "μάταιος" (mataios) for "useless" suggests something that is vain or futile. 8. Dealing with Divisive People A person who is divisive should be warned twice and then rejected if they do not change, as they are warped and sinful. The Greek "αἱρετικός" (hairetikos) for "divisive" refers to someone causing factions or divisions. 9. Final Instructions and Greetings Paul concludes with personal instructions for Titus, including sending Artemas or Tychicus to him, and encourages hospitality for Zenas and Apollos. He ends with greetings and a blessing of grace. The Greek "χάρις" (charis) for "grace" emphasizes the unmerited favor of God. Lessons from Titus 3 1. Embrace Good Works as a Reflection of Faith Titus 3:8 encourages us to "be careful to devote ourselves to good works." These acts are not just tasks but reflections of our faith and gratitude for the grace we've received. By engaging in good works, we demonstrate the transformative power of Christ in our lives, making our faith visible to others and glorifying God in the process. 2. Respect Authority and Live Peaceably In Titus 3:1, we are reminded to "be subject to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for every good work." This teaches us the importance of respecting those in positions of authority and living peaceably within our communities. By doing so, we model Christ-like behavior and contribute to a harmonious society. 3. Speak Kindly and Avoid Quarrels Titus 3:2 advises us "to slander no one, to be peaceable and considerate, and always to be gentle toward everyone." Our words have power, and we are called to use them to build up rather than tear down. By speaking kindly and avoiding unnecessary quarrels, we reflect the love and gentleness of Christ. 4. Remember Your Past and God's Mercy Verse 3 reminds us of our past: "For we too were once foolish, disobedient, led astray." This reflection is not to dwell on our former ways but to appreciate the mercy and grace God has shown us. It keeps us humble and compassionate towards others who are still finding their way. 5. Celebrate Salvation Through Grace Titus 3:5-6 beautifully states, "He saved us, not by the righteous deeds we had done, but according to His mercy, through the washing of new birth and renewal by the Holy Spirit." Our salvation is a gift of grace, not something we earn. This truth should fill us with gratitude and inspire us to share this good news with others. 6. Be Ready to Share the Hope Within You The chapter encourages us to be prepared to share our faith. By living out the principles in Titus 3, we naturally create opportunities to share the hope and joy we have in Christ. Our lives become a testimony to the transformative power of the Gospel. 7. Avoid Divisive Arguments Titus 3:9 warns us to "avoid foolish controversies, genealogies, arguments, and quarrels about the law, because these are unprofitable and useless." Engaging in divisive arguments distracts us from our mission and can harm our witness. Instead, focus on what unites us in Christ. 8. Practice Discernment in Relationships Verse 10 advises, "Reject a divisive person after a first and second admonition." This teaches us the importance of discernment in our relationships. While we are called to love everyone, we must also protect the unity and peace of our community by addressing divisiveness wisely. 9. Live a Life of Purpose and Productivity Titus 3:14 encourages us to "learn to devote ourselves to good works for pressing needs, so that we will not be unfruitful." Our lives should be marked by purpose and productivity, using our time and talents to meet the needs around us and bear fruit for God's kingdom. 10. Rest in the Assurance of God's Love Finally, Titus 3 reminds us of the steadfast love of God. Verse 7 assures us that "having been justified by His grace, we might become heirs according to the hope of eternal life." This assurance gives us peace and confidence, knowing that our future is secure in Christ. Let this truth anchor your soul and inspire you to live boldly for Him. Topics 1. Obedience to Authorities (Titus 3:1) Paul instructs Titus to remind the believers to be "subject to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for every good work." The Greek word for "subject" (ὑποτάσσω, hypotassō) implies a voluntary submission to authority, reflecting a Christian's duty to respect and follow governmental leaders as long as it does not conflict with God's commands. 2. Christian Conduct (Titus 3:2) Believers are encouraged "to slander no one, to be peaceable and gentle, showing full consideration to everyone." The Greek word for "gentle" (ἐπιεικής, epieikēs) suggests a sense of fairness and moderation, emphasizing the importance of a Christ-like demeanor in interactions with others. 3. Transformation through Salvation (Titus 3:3-7) Paul contrasts the past sinful state with the transformation brought by God's mercy, stating, "He saved us, not by the righteous deeds we had done, but according to His mercy, through the washing of new birth and renewal by the Holy Spirit" (Titus 3:5). The Greek term for "washing" (λουτρόν, loutron) refers to a cleansing, symbolizing the spiritual renewal and rebirth in Christ. 4. The Role of the Holy Spirit (Titus 3:5-6) The passage highlights the "renewal by the Holy Spirit, whom He poured out on us abundantly through Jesus Christ our Savior." The Greek word for "poured out" (ἐκχέω, ekcheō) conveys the idea of a generous and abundant outpouring, underscoring the transformative power of the Holy Spirit in the believer's life. 5. Justification and Inheritance (Titus 3:7) Paul explains that "having been justified by His grace, we would become heirs with the hope of eternal life." The Greek word for "justified" (δικαιόω, dikaioō) means to be declared righteous, highlighting the believer's new standing before God through faith in Christ. 6. Good Works as a Result of Faith (Titus 3:8) Paul emphasizes that believers should "be careful to devote themselves to good works." The Greek word for "devote" (προΐστημι, proistēmi) suggests a proactive and intentional commitment, indicating that good works are a natural outcome of genuine faith. 7. Avoidance of Divisive Behavior (Titus 3:9-11) Paul warns against "foolish controversies, genealogies, arguments, and quarrels about the Law," advising to "reject a divisive man after a first and second admonition." The Greek word for "divisive" (αἱρετικός, hairetikos) refers to someone who causes division, stressing the importance of unity and sound doctrine within the church. 8. Final Instructions and Greetings (Titus 3:12-15) Paul concludes with personal instructions and greetings, urging Titus to "diligently help Zenas the lawyer and Apollos on their way." This section reflects the communal and supportive nature of early Christian ministry, emphasizing cooperation and mutual support among believers. Themes 1. Obedience to Authorities Titus 3:1 emphasizes the importance of being "subject to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for every good work." This theme underscores the Christian duty to respect and follow governmental and societal leaders, reflecting the Greek term "ὑποτάσσω" (hypotassō), meaning to arrange under or to be subject to. 2. Christian Conduct and Speech Verse 2 instructs believers "to slander no one, to be peaceable and gentle, showing full consideration to everyone." This theme highlights the call for Christians to exhibit kindness and humility in their interactions, aligning with the Greek "πραΰτης" (prautēs), meaning gentleness or meekness. 3. Transformation through Salvation Verses 3-5 describe the transformation from a life of sin to one of righteousness through God's mercy: "He saved us, not by the righteous deeds we had done, but according to His mercy, through the washing of new birth and renewal by the Holy Spirit." This theme focuses on the transformative power of salvation, with "παλιγγενεσία" (palingenesia) referring to regeneration or new birth. 4. Justification by Grace Verse 7 states, "so that, having been justified by His grace, we would become heirs with the hope of eternal life." This theme emphasizes justification as a gift of grace, not by works, with "δικαιόω" (dikaioō) meaning to declare righteous. 5. Devotion to Good Works Verse 8 encourages believers to "be careful to devote themselves to good works." This theme stresses the importance of living out one's faith through actions, with "προΐστημι" (proistēmi) meaning to lead or to be devoted to. 6. Avoidance of Divisive Behavior Verses 9-11 warn against "foolish controversies, genealogies, arguments, and quarrels about the Law," advising to "reject a divisive man after a first and second admonition." This theme highlights the need to avoid unnecessary disputes and maintain unity, with "αἱρετικός" (hairetikos) referring to one who causes division. Prayer Points Pray for a heart of submission and respect towards authorities, reflecting Christ's humility. Ask God to help you be a peacemaker, showing gentleness and consideration in all your interactions. Thank God for His mercy and grace, and pray for a deeper understanding of His transformative power in your life. Seek guidance on how to engage in good works that glorify God and serve others. Pray for unity within the church and wisdom to avoid divisive behaviors and conversations. Answering Tough Questions 1. In Titus 3:1, how can submitting to rulers be justified if those rulers are corrupt or oppressive? 2. In Titus 3:4–5, is there any historical or scientific basis to support the idea of a divine “washing of regeneration”? 3. Does Titus 3:5–6, emphasizing salvation by mercy alone, conflict with James 2:17, which stresses the necessity of good works? 4. In Titus 3:8, why is the importance of doing good works emphasized while other passages seem to prioritize faith over deeds? 5. In Titus 3:9, if genealogies are discouraged, how do we reconcile this with the detailed genealogies in places like Matthew 1? Bible Study Discussion Questions 1. What role does the concept of submission to authorities play in your life? How does Titus 3:1-2 challenge or affirm your current perspective? 2. In what ways does Paul’s reminder of our past life before knowing Christ (Titus 3:3) make you appreciate God's mercy and grace? 3. How does the theme of transformation and renewal presented in Titus 3:5-6 resonate with your own experience of becoming a Christian? 4. Reflect on the concept of being "justified by His grace" (Titus 3:7). What does it mean to you personally, and how does it influence your daily life? 5. In what practical ways can you demonstrate the good works encouraged in Titus 3:8 in your personal and community life? 6. What kinds of "foolish controversies" (Titus 3:9) do you see today, and how can Paul's guidance apply to these situations? 7. How should we handle divisive people according to Titus 3:10-11? Can you relate this to any current situations in your life or community? 8. What specific actions can you take to "be careful to devote yourself to good deeds" as mentioned in Titus 3:14? 9. How does Titus 3 shape your understanding of the relationship between faith, grace, and good works? 10. How can the teachings in Titus 3 guide us in living a Christian life amidst the modern societal challenges? 11. What does Titus 3 teach us about dealing with people who have differing views within the church? 12. How does the concept of "regeneration and renewal by the Holy Spirit" in Titus 3:5 affect your understanding of the process of salvation? 13. How can you use the teachings of Titus 3 to guide your interactions with those who do not yet know Christ? 14. What steps can you take to apply the principles in Titus 3 regarding avoidance of pointless debates in your social media interactions? 15. What does "the hope of eternal life" mean to you, and how does it influence your daily living? 16. How can you ensure that you are not part of the divisive people as warned in Titus 3:10-11? 17. Reflect on your understanding of God's mercy before and after reading Titus 3. How has it changed or deepened? 18. How does the juxtaposition of our past life and God's saving grace in Titus 3 affect your understanding of the Christian transformation? 19. How does Paul's description of our life before and after salvation in Titus 3 challenge you to show humility to all people? 20. How can the guidelines in Titus 3 help shape a Christian's response to governing authorities in today's politically polarized environment? Bible Hub Chapter Summaries and Bible Study Questions