◄ Song of Solomon 2 ►
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Berean Standard Bible | Par ▾
The Bride’s Admiration The Bride 1I am a rose of Sharon,a a lily of the valley. The Bridegroom 2Like a lily among the thorns is my darling among the maidens. The Bride 3Like an apple tree among the trees of the forest is my beloved among the young men. I delight to sit in his shade, and his fruit is sweet to my taste. 4He has brought me to the house of wine,b and his banner over me is love. 5Sustain me with raisins; refresh me with apples, for I am faint with love. 6His left hand is under my head, and his right arm embraces me. 7O daughters of Jerusalem, I adjure you by the gazelles and does of the field: Do not arouse or awaken love until the time is right. 8Listen! My beloved approaches. Look! Here he comes, leaping across the mountains, bounding over the hills. 9My beloved is like a gazelle or a young stag. Look, he stands behind our wall, gazing through the windows, peering through the lattice. 10My beloved calls to me, “Arise, my darling. Come away with me, my beautiful one. 11For now the winter is past; the rain is over and gone. 12The flowers have appeared in the countryside; the season of singingc has come, and the cooing of turtledoves is heard in our land. 13The fig tree ripens its figs; the blossoming vines spread their fragrance. Arise, come away, my darling; come away with me, my beautiful one.” The Bridegroom 14O my dove in the clefts of the rock, in the crevices of the cliff, let me see your face, let me hear your voice; for your voice is sweet, and your countenance is lovely. The Friends 15Catch for us the foxes— the little foxes that ruin the vineyards— for our vineyards are in bloom. The Bride 16My beloved is mine and I am his; he pastures his flock among the lilies. 17Before the day breaks and shadows flee, turn, my beloved, and be like a gazelle or a young stag on the mountains of Bether.d Footnotes: 1 a Sharon Plain is a region in the coastal plain of Israel 4 b That is, the banquet hall 12 c Or pruning 17 d Or the rugged mountains Berean Standard Bible (BSB) printed 2016, 2020, 2022, 2025 by Bible Hub and Berean.Bible. Produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, unfoldingWord, Bible Aquifer, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee. This text of God's Word has been dedicated to the public domain. Free downloads and unlimited usage available. See also the Berean Literal Bible and Berean Interlinear Bible. Bible Hub Song of Solomon 2 Summary The Bride's Admiration Verses 1–2 – Blossoming Identity The young woman humbly calls herself “a rose of Sharon, a lily of the valley” (v. 1), yet her beloved answers, “Like a lily among thorns, so is my darling among the maidens” (v. 2). He elevates her worth far above any rival. Verses 3–7 – Banquet of Delight and Guarded Love She likens him to a sheltering apple tree (v. 3) and celebrates the public joy of their relationship: “He has brought me to the banquet hall, and his banner over me is love” (v. 4). Love nourishes her (“Sustain me with raisins…,” v. 5), yet she warns the onlookers: “Do not arouse or awaken love until it pleases” (v. 7). Verses 8–13 – Springtime Invitation With excitement she hears, “Listen! My beloved! Behold, he comes, leaping over the mountains” (v. 8). He calls her to rise and leave the winter behind (vv. 10–11), pointing to a new season: “Flowers appear on the earth; the season of singing has come” (v. 12). Creation itself seems to applaud their union. Verses 14–17 – Deepening Intimacy and Persistent Pursuit He seeks deeper closeness: “O my dove in the clefts of the rock… let me hear your voice” (v. 14). Both partners guard the relationship from “the little foxes that ruin the vineyards” (v. 15). She confidently declares, “My beloved is mine and I am his” (v. 16) while longing for the dawn when he returns “like a gazelle on the mountains” (v. 17). Song of Solomon 2, a chapter of the Bible’s poetic and beautiful Song of Songs, is a profound exploration of divine and human love. The chapter uses a dialogical structure where the two main characters, the beloved and the lover, express their affection, longing, and the beauty they see in each other. While this chapter presents an unabashed celebration of romantic love, many readers have also found deep spiritual meaning within its verses. Literary Flow and Speakers • The dialogue alternates mainly between the young woman (often called the Shulammite) and her beloved (Solomon, or the shepherd-king figure). • Refrains (“Do not arouse…,” v. 7) mark transitions. • Nature imagery frames each speech, revealing emotions more than mere scenery. Historical and Cultural Background • Banquet halls (v. 4) were settings for formal betrothal celebrations in ancient Israel. • Grapes, figs, apples, and lilies were native crops, highlighting everyday life. • Foxes (v. 15) were real vineyard pests; catching them protected future harvests. Imagery and Symbolism • Rose/Lily (vv. 1–2): Modest wildflowers, showing humble self-perception yet cherished beauty. • Apple Tree (v. 3): Strong, fruitful, shady—an image of protective masculinity. • Banner of Love (v. 4): A military term for an identifying flag; here, love is the public standard over their relationship. Compare Exodus 17:15, where a banner proclaimed victory. • Springtime (vv. 11–13): The end of winter pictures the end of waiting; new growth mirrors relational freshness. • Little Foxes (v. 15): Small problems—unresolved conflicts, temptations—that can spoil love if ignored. See 1 Corinthians 5:6 on “a little leaven” affecting the whole. Marriage and Covenant Themes • Mutual Possession (v. 16) echoes Genesis 2:24—two become one flesh. • Delight is celebrated within commitment; restraint (v. 7) guards passion until its proper moment. • The shepherd-king image anticipates the tenderness and leadership a husband provides (cf. Ephesians 5:25). Echoes Forward to Christ and the Church • The bride’s worth “among thorns” (v. 2) hints at the Church’s distinction in a fallen world (Philippians 2:15). • Love that shelters under a “banner” (v. 4) parallels John 10:11, where the Good Shepherd lays down His life, openly marking His flock. • Spring renewal (v. 11) resonates with resurrection life (Romans 6:4). Practical Applications for Modern Readers • Identity: Let God’s affirmation override self-doubt (v. 2). • Romance: Pursue public, honoring love rather than secretive passion (v. 4). • Boundaries: Guard developing relationships; timing matters (v. 7). • Communication: Express admiration frankly—notice how each praises the other’s qualities. • Problem-solving: Address “little foxes” early; small issues grow if unattended (v. 15). Connections to Other Scriptures • Psalm 45 shares royal wedding language and Messianic overtones. • Hosea 2:14–20 uses wilderness courtship to picture God’s faithful love. • Revelation 19:6–9 depicts the ultimate wedding banquet, where love is fully unveiled. Archaeological and Botanical Notes • “Rose of Sharon” likely refers to the coastal plain crocus; lilies of the valleys bloom in Galilee after winter rains. • Ancient winepresses found near Jerusalem confirm vineyard economy; fox bone remains are common in digs, matching the vineyard threat of v. 15. • Fig trees bud in March–April; the described early fruit (v. 13) fits the Middle Eastern agricultural calendar. Structure of Desire and Restraint 1. Attraction expressed (vv. 1–3) 2. Delight enjoyed (vv. 4–5) 3. Desire restrained (v. 7) 4. Invitation to deeper union (vv. 8–14) 5. Protection of relationship (v. 15) 6. Assurance of belonging (vv. 16–17) Each movement balances passion with responsibility, modeling love that is both heartfelt and holy. Connections to Additional Scriptures 1 Corinthians 13:4-7 This passage on love complements the themes of admiration and patience found in Song of Solomon 2. Ephesians 5:25-33 Paul's instructions on marital love reflect the mutual respect and sacrificial love depicted in the Song of Solomon. Psalm 23:1-3 The imagery of rest and refreshment parallels the nurturing and protective aspects of love in Song of Solomon 2. Teaching Points The Beauty of Love Song of Solomon 2:1-2 describes the bride as a lily among thorns, emphasizing her beauty and uniqueness. This imagery highlights the value and purity of love in a world that often distorts it. Mutual Admiration In verses 3-4, the bride speaks of her beloved as an apple tree among the trees of the forest, illustrating the delight and admiration they have for each other. This mutual admiration is foundational for a healthy relationship. The Call to Intimacy Verse 6 speaks of the beloved's embrace, symbolizing the deep intimacy and connection that love fosters. This reflects the closeness God desires with His people. The Timing of Love Verse 7 warns, Do not arouse or awaken love until the time is right. This teaches the importance of patience and waiting for God's timing in relationships. The Joy of Spring Verses 11-13 use the imagery of spring to symbolize new beginnings and the joy of love. This can be seen as a metaphor for spiritual renewal and growth. Practical Applications Cherish and Celebrate Love Recognize and appreciate the beauty of love in your life, whether in marriage, family, or friendships. Cultivate Mutual Respect Strive for relationships characterized by mutual admiration and respect, reflecting the love and honor seen in this passage. Seek Intimacy with God Just as the bride and groom seek closeness, prioritize your relationship with God, seeking deeper intimacy through prayer and worship. Practice Patience Trust in God's timing for your relationships and life events, avoiding the rush to fulfill desires prematurely. Embrace New Beginnings Allow the joy and renewal of God's love to inspire growth and transformation in your spiritual journey. People 1. The Beloved (Bride) Often interpreted as the Shulammite woman, she is the primary female voice in the Song of Solomon. In a Christian allegorical interpretation, she can represent the Church or the individual believer. In Song of Solomon 2, she speaks of her love and admiration for her beloved, using imagery of nature and springtime. The Hebrew term for beloved, "דּוֹדִי" (dodi), is used to express her deep affection. 2. The Lover (Bridegroom) This character is typically seen as Solomon or the male counterpart in the love story. In Christian allegory, he is often viewed as a representation of Christ. He is the object of the beloved's affection and admiration. The Hebrew term "דּוֹד" (dod) is used to describe him, emphasizing the intimate and loving relationship. 3. Daughters of Jerusalem These are the onlookers or chorus in the Song of Solomon. They often serve as a narrative device to provide commentary or to highlight the beauty and intensity of the love between the beloved and the lover. They are not directly mentioned in chapter 2, but their presence is implied in the broader context of the book. Places 1. The Lily among Thorns This imagery is found in Song of Solomon 2:2: "Like a lily among thorns is my darling among the maidens." The lily represents beauty and purity, often interpreted as the bride or the church, standing out among the less virtuous or the world. 2. The Apple Tree In Song of Solomon 2:3, it states: "Like an apple tree among the trees of the forest is my beloved among the young men." The apple tree symbolizes delight and sustenance, representing the beloved's unique and nourishing presence. 3. The Banquet Hall Mentioned in Song of Solomon 2:4: "He has brought me to the banquet hall, and his banner over me is love." The banquet hall signifies a place of celebration and love, often seen as a metaphor for divine love and fellowship. 4. The Clefts of the Rock In Song of Solomon 2:14, it says: "O my dove in the clefts of the rock, in the hiding places of the mountainside..." The clefts of the rock are seen as places of refuge and safety, symbolizing protection and intimacy with God. 5. The Mountains of Bether Found in Song of Solomon 2:17: "Until the day breaks and the shadows flee, turn, my beloved, and be like a gazelle or a young stag on the mountains of Bether." The mountains of Bether are often interpreted as places of separation or division, possibly representing challenges or obstacles in the relationship. Events 1. The Bride's Self-Description The bride describes herself as "a rose of Sharon, a lily of the valley" (Song of Solomon 2:1). The Hebrew word for "rose" (חֲבַצֶּלֶת, chavatzelet) can also mean a type of wildflower, emphasizing her humility and beauty. 2. The Bridegroom's Praise The bridegroom responds by elevating her status, saying, "Like a lily among the thorns is my darling among the maidens" (Song of Solomon 2:2). This highlights her uniqueness and purity compared to others. 3. The Bride's Delight in the Bridegroom The bride expresses her joy and satisfaction in her beloved, stating, "Like an apple tree among the trees of the forest is my beloved among the young men" (Song of Solomon 2:3). The apple tree symbolizes nourishment and delight. 4. The Banquet Hall Experience The bride recalls being brought to the banquet hall, where "his banner over me is love" (Song of Solomon 2:4). The banner signifies protection and the public declaration of love. 5. The Bride's Request for Sustenance She asks for sustenance, saying, "Strengthen me with raisins, refresh me with apples, for I am faint with love" (Song of Solomon 2:5). Raisins and apples are symbols of sustenance and refreshment. 6. The Intimate Embrace The bride describes an intimate moment, "His left hand is under my head, and his right arm embraces me" (Song of Solomon 2:6). This portrays a scene of comfort and affection. 7. The Charge to the Daughters of Jerusalem The bride charges the daughters of Jerusalem, "Do not arouse or awaken love until the time is right" (Song of Solomon 2:7). This emphasizes the importance of patience and timing in love. 8. The Arrival of Spring The bridegroom calls to the bride, describing the arrival of spring: "See! The winter is past; the rains are over and gone" (Song of Solomon 2:11). This signifies renewal and new beginnings. 9. The Call to Come Away The bridegroom invites the bride to join him, saying, "Arise, my darling, my beautiful one, come with me" (Song of Solomon 2:13). This is an invitation to intimacy and adventure. 10. The Request to Catch the Foxes The bride asks to "Catch for us the foxes, the little foxes that ruin the vineyards" (Song of Solomon 2:15). Foxes symbolize small problems or temptations that can harm their relationship. 11. The Declaration of Belonging The bride declares, "My beloved is mine and I am his; he grazes among the lilies" (Song of Solomon 2:16). This mutual belonging reflects a deep, committed relationship. 12. The Anticipation of Reunion The bride expresses her longing for the bridegroom's return, "Until the day breaks and the shadows flee, turn, my beloved, and be like a gazelle or a young stag on the mountains of Bether" (Song of Solomon 2:17). This anticipates a future reunion and continued intimacy. Lessons from Song of Solomon 2 1. The Beauty of Creation Reflects God's Love In Song of Solomon 2:1, the beloved describes herself as "a rose of Sharon, a lily of the valley." This imagery reminds us of the beauty and intricacy of God's creation. Just as a rose or lily is crafted with care and purpose, so are we. Embrace the beauty around you as a reflection of God's love and creativity, and let it inspire you to appreciate the divine artistry in your own life. 2. The Importance of Rest and Renewal Verse 3 speaks of sitting "in his shade with great delight," highlighting the importance of finding rest and renewal in God's presence. In our fast-paced world, it's crucial to carve out time for spiritual rest. Just as a tree provides shade and comfort, God's presence offers us peace and rejuvenation. Make it a priority to find moments of quiet reflection and prayer in your daily routine. 3. Love as a Banner Over Us In Song of Solomon 2:4, the beloved says, "His banner over me is love." This powerful image reminds us that God's love is a protective and guiding force in our lives. Just as a banner signifies allegiance and identity, let God's love be the defining characteristic of your life. Embrace this love and let it guide your actions and interactions with others. 4. The Call to Rise and Follow Verse 10 encourages us with the words, "Arise, my darling, come away." This is a call to action, urging us to step out in faith and follow God's leading. Whether it's pursuing a new opportunity or deepening your spiritual walk, be open to the call to rise and follow where God leads. Trust that He has a purpose and plan for your life. 5. The Joy of New Beginnings Song of Solomon 2:11-12 speaks of the winter passing and the flowers appearing on the earth. This imagery of springtime renewal is a reminder of the joy and hope that come with new beginnings. Embrace the seasons of change in your life as opportunities for growth and transformation. Trust that God is working to bring about new life and possibilities. 6. The Sweetness of God's Voice In verse 14, the beloved is called to "let me hear your voice." This highlights the sweetness and importance of hearing God's voice in our lives. Make it a priority to listen for God's guidance through prayer, Scripture, and the counsel of wise believers. His voice brings clarity, direction, and encouragement. 7. Guarding Against Distractions Verse 15 warns us to "catch the foxes, the little foxes that ruin the vineyards." This is a reminder to guard against the small distractions and temptations that can disrupt our spiritual growth. Be vigilant in identifying and addressing anything that might hinder your relationship with God. Stay focused on nurturing your spiritual vineyard. 8. The Assurance of Belonging Song of Solomon 2:16 declares, "My beloved is mine and I am his." This assurance of belonging is a powerful reminder of our identity in Christ. We are His, and He is ours. Let this truth anchor you in times of uncertainty and challenge. Rest in the knowledge that you are deeply loved and cherished by God. 9. The Beauty of Intimacy with God The intimate language throughout Song of Solomon 2 reflects the deep connection we can have with God. Just as the beloveds delight in each other's presence, we are invited to experience a close and personal relationship with our Creator. Cultivate this intimacy through regular prayer, worship, and study of Scripture. 10. The Promise of Eternal Spring Finally, the imagery of springtime renewal in Song of Solomon 2 points us to the promise of eternal life and renewal through Christ. Just as the earth bursts forth with new life, we have the hope of eternal spring through the resurrection of Jesus. Let this promise fill you with hope and joy as you live out your faith each day. Topics 1. The Bride's Delight in Her Beloved The chapter opens with the bride expressing her joy and admiration for her beloved. She uses imagery of nature to describe her feelings, such as "I am a rose of Sharon, a lily of the valley" (Song of Solomon 2:1). The Hebrew word for "rose" (חֲבַצֶּלֶת, chavatzelet) and "lily" (שׁוֹשַׁנָּה, shoshanah) convey beauty and purity, emphasizing the bride's view of herself in relation to her beloved. 2. The Beloved's Praise for the Bride The beloved responds by praising the bride, comparing her to a lily among thorns, highlighting her uniqueness and beauty (Song of Solomon 2:2). The imagery suggests that the bride stands out in a world that may be harsh or unkind, much like a lily among thorns. 3. The Intimacy of Love The bride describes the intimate and protective nature of her beloved's love, saying, "His left hand is under my head, and his right arm embraces me" (Song of Solomon 2:6). This verse illustrates the closeness and security found in their relationship, with the Hebrew word for "embraces" (חָבַק, chavaq) indicating a strong, affectionate hold. 4. The Call to Patience in Love The bride advises not to awaken love until the right time, saying, "Do not arouse or awaken love until the time is right" (Song of Solomon 2:7). This reflects a conservative Christian perspective on the importance of patience and timing in romantic relationships, emphasizing that love should develop naturally and in God's timing. 5. The Arrival of Spring and Renewal The passage describes the arrival of spring, symbolizing renewal and new beginnings in love: "For now the winter is past; the rain is over and gone" (Song of Solomon 2:11). The imagery of springtime, with its connotations of growth and renewal, parallels the blossoming of love between the bride and her beloved. 6. The Invitation to Enjoy Love The beloved invites the bride to join him, saying, "Arise, my darling, my beautiful one, come with me" (Song of Solomon 2:13). This invitation signifies a call to enjoy the fullness of their love and relationship, reflecting the joy and excitement of being together. 7. The Caution Against Disruptions The chapter concludes with a warning to "catch for us the foxes, the little foxes that ruin the vineyards" (Song of Solomon 2:15). This metaphor suggests the need to guard against small issues or temptations that could harm the relationship, emphasizing vigilance and care in maintaining a healthy and loving partnership. Themes 1. Love and Desire Song of Solomon 2 is rich with expressions of love and desire between the beloved and the lover. The passage uses vivid imagery to convey the intensity and beauty of romantic love. For example, the beloved says, "Like a lily among thorns is my darling among the maidens" (Song of Solomon 2:2). The Hebrew word for "darling" (רַעְיָתִי, ra'yati) emphasizes a deep, affectionate bond. 2. Beauty and Nature The chapter frequently draws parallels between the beauty of nature and the beauty of the beloved. The lover describes the beloved as a "rose of Sharon, a lily of the valleys" (Song of Solomon 2:1). The use of natural imagery highlights the purity and allure of the beloved, suggesting that true beauty is both divine and natural. 3. Joy and Celebration There is a theme of joy and celebration in the relationship, as seen in the invitation to enjoy the springtime: "Arise, my darling, come away with me" (Song of Solomon 2:10). The Hebrew word for "arise" (קוּם, qum) implies a call to action and participation in the joy of love. 4. Protection and Security The theme of protection is evident in the imagery of the beloved being sheltered and secure. The lover says, "He brought me to the banquet hall, and his banner over me is love" (Song of Solomon 2:4). The "banner" (דֶּגֶל, degel) symbolizes protection and a public declaration of love, indicating a sense of safety and belonging. 5. Seasons and Timing The passage reflects on the importance of timing in love, as seen in the reference to the changing seasons: "For now the winter is past; the rain is over and gone" (Song of Solomon 2:11). This suggests that love has its seasons and that there is a right time for love to flourish, aligning with the natural order established by God. 6. Intimacy and Privacy The theme of intimacy is portrayed through the private and personal interactions between the lovers. The beloved invites the lover to "catch the foxes, the little foxes that ruin the vineyards" (Song of Solomon 2:15), which can be interpreted as a call to protect the intimacy and purity of their relationship from external threats. 7. Commitment and Belonging The chapter emphasizes mutual commitment and belonging, as expressed in the declaration, "My beloved is mine and I am his" (Song of Solomon 2:16). This reflects a covenantal aspect of love, where both parties are devoted to one another, echoing the Hebrew concept of a binding relationship. Prayer Points Thanksgiving for Love Thank God for the gift of love in its various forms and ask for His guidance in nurturing these relationships. Patience and Wisdom Pray for patience and wisdom to wait for God's perfect timing in all areas of life. Deeper Intimacy with God Ask God to draw you closer to Him, deepening your relationship and understanding of His love. Renewal and Growth Seek God's help in embracing new beginnings and spiritual growth, inspired by His love and grace. Answering Tough Questions 1. In Song of Solomon 2:1, is there any historical or botanical proof that the “rose of Sharon” existed in ancient Israel? 2. In Song of Solomon 2:8–9, how can we reconcile the depiction of the lover “leaping” over mountains with literal geography or biology? 3. In Song of Solomon 2:11–12, is there archaeological or historical evidence confirming the seasonal details mentioned, or is it strictly poetic imagery? 4. In Song of Solomon 2:15, is there any documented threat from “little foxes” spoiling vineyards in that region, or is it purely metaphorical? 5. Does the romantic language throughout Song of Solomon 2 conflict with traditional interpretations of divine or covenantal themes elsewhere in the Bible? Bible Study Discussion Questions 1. How do the metaphors used by the beloved and the lover in their exchanges convey their feelings for each other? 2. How can we relate the advice of not awakening love before it desires to our relationships today? 3. What can the allegorical interpretation of this chapter tell us about the relationship between God and His people? 4. How do the images of nature contribute to the overall theme of love and longing in the chapter? 5. What does the concept of the "lily among thorns" mean to you in the context of divine love? 6. How does the use of language and dialogue between the lovers reflect the dynamics of a relationship? 7. What lessons can you learn about expressing affection from the lover and the beloved? 8. How can the pain of separation depicted in this chapter be applied to today's long-distance relationships? 9. How might the line about "the little foxes" speak to the small issues that can cause problems in relationships today? 10. How do you interpret the verse regarding the banner of love over the beloved? 11. How can this chapter help us understand the importance of timing in expressing feelings of love? 12. How does the lover's call to the beloved from her hiding places reflect our call towards spiritual growth and openness? 13. In what ways does this chapter portray the idea of mutual respect and admiration in a relationship? 14. How might you apply the metaphor of the changing seasons in your personal life or spiritual journey? 15. What significance does the comparison of the lover to an apple tree hold in the context of this chapter? 16. How can the lovers' expressions of desire teach us about longing in a spiritual context? 17. What can we learn from the chapter about the importance of overcoming obstacles in maintaining relationships? 18. How can the humility displayed by the beloved inspire us in our interactions with others? 19. How does the lover's invitation for the beloved to join him in the arrival of spring reflect in our personal awakening or new beginnings? 20. How can the yearning and the expressions of desire in this chapter guide us in our personal spiritual quests? Bible Hub Chapter Summaries and Bible Study Questions