◄ 8453. toshab ►
Strong's Lexicon toshab: Sojourner, resident alien, temporary dweller Original Word: תּוֹשָׁב Part of Speech: Noun Masculine Transliteration: towshab Pronunciation: toh-SHAHV Phonetic Spelling: (to-shawb') Definition: resident alien Meaning: The term "toshav" refers to a "resident alien" or "sojourner." It denotes a person who resides temporarily in a land that is not their own, often without the full rights of citizenship. Word Origin: Derived from the root יָשַׁב (yashav), meaning "to sit, dwell, or remain." Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G3927 (παροικία, paroikia): This Greek term is used in the New Testament to describe a temporary residence or sojourning, similar to the Hebrew concept of a toshav. • G3941 (παροικέω, paroikeo): This verb means "to dwell beside" or "to reside as a foreigner," reflecting the status of a resident alien or sojourner. These Greek terms capture the essence of the Hebrew "toshav," emphasizing the transient and non-citizen status of individuals living in a foreign land. Usage: The word "toshav" is used in the Hebrew Bible to describe individuals who live among the Israelites but are not native-born. These individuals are often subject to specific laws and protections, reflecting their unique status within the community. Context: The concept of a "toshav" is significant in the socio-legal structure of ancient Israel. As a resident alien, the toshav was someone who lived among the Israelites but did not possess the same rights as a native-born citizen. The toshav could be a foreigner who settled in Israel for economic reasons, seeking refuge, or for other personal reasons. The Hebrew Bible provides various instructions regarding the treatment of the toshav. For instance, in Leviticus 25:35, the Israelites are commanded to support a fellow Israelite who becomes poor, as well as the toshav, ensuring they can live among them. The toshav is also included in the command to observe the Sabbath (Exodus 20:10) and is subject to certain dietary laws (Leviticus 17:10). Despite their outsider status, the toshav is afforded certain protections under the law. For example, they are not to be oppressed or mistreated (Exodus 22:21). The presence of the toshav in Israelite society underscores the broader biblical theme of justice and compassion for the vulnerable and marginalized. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin from yashab Definition a sojourner NASB Translation foreign resident (1), settlers (1), sojourner (8), sojourners (2), sojourning (1), tenants (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs תּוֺשָׁב noun masculineLeviticus 25:45 sojourner, only P (H) and late; absolute ׳ת Genesis 23:4 6t; construct תּוֺשַׁב Leviticus 22:10; suffix תּוֺשָֽׁבְךָ Leviticus 25:6; plural תּוֺשָׁבִים Leviticus 25:6 2t.; construct תּשָׁבֵי 1 Kings 17:1, but read תִּשְׁבֶּה (q. v.) ᵐ5 Ew Th Hi; — sojourner, apparently of a more temporaty and dependent (Leviticus 22:10; 25:6) kind than the גֵּר (with which it is often joined): "" שָׂכִיר Exodus 12:45 (P), Leviticus 22:10 (כֹּהֵן ׳ת apriest's sojourner), Leviticus 25:6,40 (all H); הַתּוֺשָׁבִים הַגָּרִים עִמָּכֶם Leviticus 25:45 (c. participle גָּר also Leviticus 25:6); with עִם, also Leviticus 25:47 (twice in verse) (H); with בְּתוֺךְ Numbers 35:15 (P). Figurative of one enjoying only a temporary tenure, with עִם Genesis 23:4, with ׳י Leviticus 25:23; Psalm 39:13, with לִפְנֵי 1 Chronicles 29:15. — 1 Kings 17:1 see above Strong's Exhaustive Concordance manner Or toshab (1 Kings 17:1) {to-shawb'}; from yashab; a dweller (but not outlandish (nokriy)); especially (as distinguished from a native citizen (active participle of yashab) and a temporary inmate (ger) or mere lodger (luwn)) resident alien -- foreigner, inhabitant, sojourner, stranger. see HEBREW yashab see HEBREW nokriy see HEBREW yashab see HEBREW ger see HEBREW luwn Forms and Transliterations הַתּוֹשָׁבִ֜ים התושבים וְלַתּוֹשָׁב֙ וְתוֹשָׁ֛ב וְתוֹשָׁ֥ב וְתוֹשָׁב֙ וְתוֹשָׁבִ֖ים וְתוֹשָׁבִ֛ים וּלְתוֹשָׁ֣בְךָ֔ ולתושב ולתושבך ותושב ותושבים כְּתוֹשָׁ֖ב כתושב מִתֹּשָׁבֵ֣י מתשבי תּ֝וֹשָׁ֗ב תּוֹשַׁ֥ב תּוֹשָׁ֥ב תּוֹשָׁב֙ תושב hat·tō·wō·šā·ḇîm hattoshaVim hattōwōšāḇîm kə·ṯō·wō·šāḇ ketoShav kəṯōwōšāḇ mit·tō·šā·ḇê mittōšāḇê mittoshaVei tō·wō·šaḇ tō·wō·šāḇ toShav tōwōšaḇ tōwōšāḇ ū·lə·ṯō·wō·šā·ḇə·ḵā ūləṯōwōšāḇəḵā ultoShavecha velattoShav vetoShav vetoshaVim wə·lat·tō·wō·šāḇ wə·ṯō·wō·šā·ḇîm wə·ṯō·wō·šāḇ wəlattōwōšāḇ wəṯōwōšāḇ wəṯōwōšāḇîm Links Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts Englishman's Concordance Genesis 23:4 HEB: גֵּר־ וְתוֹשָׁ֥ב אָנֹכִ֖י עִמָּכֶ֑ם NAS: I am a stranger and a sojourner among KJV: I [am] a stranger and a sojourner with you: give INT: stranger sojourner I among Exodus 12:45 HEB: תּוֹשָׁ֥ב וְשָׂכִ֖יר לֹא־ NAS: A sojourner or a hired servant KJV: A foreigner and an hired servant INT: A sojourner A hired shall not Leviticus 22:10 HEB: יֹ֣אכַל קֹ֑דֶשׁ תּוֹשַׁ֥ב כֹּהֵ֛ן וְשָׂכִ֖יר NAS: the holy [gift]; a sojourner with the priest KJV: [of] the holy thing: a sojourner of the priest, INT: eat the holy a sojourner the priest A hired Leviticus 25:6 HEB: וְלַאֲמָתֶ֑ךָ וְלִשְׂכִֽירְךָ֙ וּלְתוֹשָׁ֣בְךָ֔ הַגָּרִ֖ים עִמָּֽךְ׃ NAS: and your hired man and your foreign resident, those who live as aliens KJV: and for thy hired servant, and for thy stranger that sojourneth INT: and female and your hired and your foreign live Even Leviticus 25:23 HEB: כִּֽי־ גֵרִ֧ים וְתוֹשָׁבִ֛ים אַתֶּ֖ם עִמָּדִֽי׃ NAS: is Mine; for you are [but] aliens and sojourners with Me. KJV: [is] mine; for ye [are] strangers and sojourners with me. INT: for are aliens and sojourners you against Leviticus 25:35 HEB: בּ֔וֹ גֵּ֧ר וְתוֹשָׁ֛ב וָחַ֖י עִמָּֽךְ׃ NAS: him, like a stranger or a sojourner, that he may live KJV: him: [yea, though he be] a stranger, or a sojourner; that he may live INT: sustain A stranger A sojourner may live regard Leviticus 25:40 HEB: כְּשָׂכִ֥יר כְּתוֹשָׁ֖ב יִהְיֶ֣ה עִמָּ֑ךְ NAS: He shall be with you as a hired man, as if he were a sojourner; he shall serve KJV: [But] as an hired servant, [and] as a sojourner, he shall be with thee, [and] shall serve INT: A hired sojourner become you Leviticus 25:45 HEB: וְ֠גַם מִבְּנֵ֨י הַתּוֹשָׁבִ֜ים הַגָּרִ֤ים עִמָּכֶם֙ NAS: [it is] out of the sons of the sojourners who live as aliens KJV: Moreover of the children of the strangers that do sojourn INT: too of the sons of the sojourners live among Leviticus 25:47 HEB: יַ֣ד גֵּ֤ר וְתוֹשָׁב֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ וּמָ֥ךְ NAS: of a stranger or of a sojourner with you becomes sufficient, KJV: And if a sojourner or stranger wax rich INT: the means of a stranger of a sojourner regard becomes Leviticus 25:47 HEB: וְנִמְכַּ֗ר לְגֵ֤ר תּוֹשָׁב֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ א֥וֹ NAS: himself to a stranger who is sojourning with you, or KJV: himself unto the stranger [or] sojourner by thee, or to the stock INT: to sell to a stranger is sojourning regard or Numbers 35:15 HEB: יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְלַגֵּ֤ר וְלַתּוֹשָׁב֙ בְּתוֹכָ֔ם תִּהְיֶ֛ינָה NAS: and for the alien and for the sojourner among KJV: and for the stranger, and for the sojourner among INT: of Israel the alien the sojourner among become 1 Kings 17:1 HEB: אֵלִיָּ֨הוּ הַתִּשְׁבִּ֜י מִתֹּשָׁבֵ֣י גִלְעָד֮ אֶל־ NAS: the Tishbite, who was of the settlers of Gilead, KJV: the Tishbite, [who was] of the inhabitants of Gilead, INT: now Elijah the Tishbite the settlers of Gilead to 1 Chronicles 29:15 HEB: אֲנַ֧חְנוּ לְפָנֶ֛יךָ וְתוֹשָׁבִ֖ים כְּכָל־ אֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ NAS: before You, and tenants, as all KJV: before thee, and sojourners, as [were] all our fathers: INT: we before and tenants all our fathers Psalm 39:12 HEB: אָנֹכִ֣י עִמָּ֑ךְ תּ֝וֹשָׁ֗ב כְּכָל־ אֲבוֹתָֽי׃ NAS: For I am a stranger with You, A sojourner like all KJV: for I [am] a stranger with thee, [and] a sojourner, as all my fathers INT: I You A sojourner all my fathers 14 Occurrences Strong's Hebrew 8453 14 Occurrences hat·tō·wō·šā·ḇîm — 1 Occ. kə·ṯō·wō·šāḇ — 1 Occ. mit·tō·šā·ḇê — 1 Occ. tō·wō·šāḇ — 4 Occ. ū·lə·ṯō·wō·šā·ḇə·ḵā — 1 Occ. wə·lat·tō·wō·šāḇ — 1 Occ. wə·ṯō·wō·šāḇ — 3 Occ. wə·ṯō·wō·šā·ḇîm — 2 Occ.