◄ 6884. tsaraph ►
Strong's Lexicon tsaraph: To refine, to test, to purify, to smelt Original Word: צָרַף Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: tsaraph Pronunciation: tsaw-raf' Phonetic Spelling: (tsaw-raf') Definition: to fuse, refine Meaning: To fuse, refine, test, or purify, often used in the context of refining metals or testing the purity of something. Word Origin: A primitive root Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G695 (ἀργυροκοπέω, argurokopeo): To coin money, to mint, related to the process of refining metals. • G1381 (δοκιμάζω, dokimazo): To test, examine, prove, scrutinize, often used in the context of testing the genuineness of something. • G1571 (ἐκκαθαίρω, ekkathairo): To cleanse thoroughly, purify, related to the removal of impurities. • G2511 (καθαρίζω, katharizo): To cleanse, purify, often used in a ceremonial or moral sense. • G2680 (κατασκευάζω, kataskeuazo): To prepare, make ready, construct, related to the idea of preparing or refining. • G4448 (πυρόω, puroo): To burn, set on fire, refine by fire, often used metaphorically for testing or purifying. • G5471 (χαλκεύω, chalkeuo): To forge, to work with metal, related to the process of refining or shaping metals. This entry provides a comprehensive understanding of the Hebrew verb צָרַף (tsaraph), illustrating its significance in both literal and metaphorical contexts within the biblical narrative. Usage: The verb צָרַף (tsaraph) is used in the Hebrew Bible to describe the process of refining metals, such as silver and gold, by removing impurities through melting. It is also used metaphorically to describe the testing or proving of individuals or groups, often in a spiritual or moral sense. Context: • The verb צָרַף (tsaraph) appears in various contexts throughout the Hebrew Bible, primarily in the sense of refining metals. This process involves heating the metal to a molten state, allowing impurities to be separated and removed, resulting in a purer product. This imagery is frequently employed in the Scriptures to illustrate God's refining work in the lives of His people, purifying them through trials and testing. • In the book of Psalms, the psalmist uses this term to describe the purity of God's words: "The words of the LORD are flawless, like silver refined in a furnace, like gold purified sevenfold" (Psalm 12:6, BSB). Here, the refining process underscores the perfection and reliability of divine revelation. • The prophet Malachi also uses this imagery to describe the coming of the Lord as a refiner's fire, purifying the sons of Levi: "He will sit as a refiner and purifier of silver; He will purify the sons of Levi and refine them like gold and silver" (Malachi 3:3, BSB). This passage highlights the transformative and purifying work of God in preparing His people for service. • In the book of Proverbs, the refining process is used metaphorically to describe the testing of human hearts: "The crucible is for silver and the furnace for gold, but the LORD tests the heart" (Proverbs 17:3, BSB). This suggests that just as metals are tested and purified, so too are human intentions and character examined by God. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin a prim. root Definition to smelt, refine, test NASB Translation goldsmith (5), goldsmiths (2), pure (1), refine (3), refined (5), refiner's (1), refining goes (1), silversmith (2), smelt (1), smelter (2), smith (1), test (2), tested (4), tried (2). Brown-Driver-Briggs צָרַף verb smelt, refine, test (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician מצרף smelter; Assyrian ƒurrupu, refined, ƒarpu, silver, naƒraptu, crucible; Arabic is pure, unmixed (especially of wine); **compare pure silver, etc., SchulthGGA, 1902, 673; also ZimGGA, 1899, 250; KAT 3, 650 (Hebrew, etc., borrowed from Assyrian); very doubtful is Sabean צרף silver, money, compare MordtmHim. Inschr. pp. 14, 29 CISiv, No. 291, 1.1); — Qal Perfect3masculine singular ׳צ Jeremiah 6:29, suffix צְרָפָ֑תְהוּ Psalm 105:19; 2masculine singular suffix צְרַפְתָּנִי Psalm 17:3, etc.; Imperfect1singular אֶצְרֹף Isaiah 1:25, suffix אֶצְרְפֶנּוּ Judges 7:4; Imperative masculine singular צרופה Psalm 26:2 Kt, צָרְפָה Qr; Infinitive absolute צָרוֺף Jeremiah 6:29; construct לִצְרוֺף Daniel 11:35, etc.; Participle active suffix צוֺרְכָּם Jeremiah 9:6, etc.; pass. צָרוּף Psalm 12:7, etc.; — 1 smelt, refine: Jeremiah 6:29 (twice in verse) in vain hath he smelted continually (infinitive absolute; figurative of purifying people); so smelt away Isaiah 1:25 (accusative of dross; figurative); of silver Zechariah 13:9; Psalm 66:10, כֶּסֶף צָרוּף בַּעֲלִיל Psalm 12:7 (all simile); of ׳אִמְרַת י Psalm 18:31 = 2 Samuel 22:31; Psalm 119:140; Proverbs 30:5 (אִמְרַת אֱלוֺהַּ); refine (men, by trials) Daniel 11:35 (+ לִבָרֵר, לַלְבֵּן). 2 test Judges 7:4 I will test them (the warriors) for thee (׳י subject); — perhaps also Judges 7:3 (see I. צפר); more Generally, of ׳י's testing, trying (the hearts of) men (often "" בָּחַן) Jeremiah 9:6; Isaiah 48:10; Zechariah 13:9; Psalm 26:2; Psalm 66:10. 3 test (and prove true) a man (subject ׳יs saying) Psalm 105:19. 4 Participle active as noun smelter, refiner, hence = goldsmith Judges 17:4; Jeremiah 10:9,14; Jeremiah 51:17; Isaiah 40:19 (twice in verse) (but perhaps strike out vb, compare Du Che Marti), Isaiah 41:7; Isaiah 46:6; Proverbs 25:4; as a guild Nehemiah 3:8,32. Niph`al Imperfect3masculine plural יִצָּֽרְפוּ Daniel 12:10 many shall be refined (by suffering; + יִתְבָּֽרְרוּ, יִתְלַבְּנוּ). Pi`el Participle מְצָרֵף as noun a refiner, ׳כְּאֵשׁ מ Malachi 3:2 (simile of ׳י), compare ׳מְ alone Malachi 3:3 (+ מְטַהֵר כֶּסֶף). Strong's Exhaustive Concordance cast, refiner, founder, goldsmith, melt, pure, purge away, try A primitive root; to fuse (metal), i.e. Refine (literally or figuratively) -- cast, (re-)fine(-er), founder, goldsmith, melt, pure, purge away, try. Forms and Transliterations הַצֹּרְפִ֖ים הצרפים וְאֶצְרְפֶ֥נּוּ וְאֶצְרֹ֥ף וְיִצָּֽרְפוּ֙ וְצֹרֵ֖ף וּצְרַפְתִּים֙ ואצרף ואצרפנו ויצרפו וצרף וצרפתים כִּצְרָף־ כִּצְרֹ֣ף כצרף כצרף־ לִצְר֥וֹף לַצֹּרֵ֣ף לַצּוֹרֵ֗ף לצורף לצרוף לצרף מְצָרֵ֔ף מְצָרֵ֤ף מצרף צְ֝רַפְתָּ֗נוּ צְרַפְתִּ֖יךָ צְרַפְתַּ֥נִי צְרָפָֽתְהוּ׃ צְרוּפָ֑ה צְרוּפָ֔ה צְרוּפָ֖ה צָ֭רוּף צָר֔וֹף צָרְפָ֖ה צָרַ֣ף צֹרֵ֔ף צֹרֵ֖ף צֽוֹרְפִ֔ים צוֹרְפָ֖ם צוֹרֵ֑ף צוֹרֵ֖ף צוֹרֵֽף׃ צוֹרֵף֙ צורף צורף׃ צורפים צורפם צרוף צרופה צרף צרפה צרפתהו׃ צרפתיך צרפתנו צרפתני haṣ·ṣō·rə·p̄îm haṣṣōrəp̄îm hatztzoreFim kiṣ·rāp̄- kiṣ·rōp̄ kiṣrāp̄- kiṣrōp̄ kitzrof laṣ·ṣō·rêp̄ laṣ·ṣō·w·rêp̄ laṣṣōrêp̄ laṣṣōwrêp̄ latztzoRef liṣ·rō·wp̄ liṣrōwp̄ litzRof mə·ṣā·rêp̄ məṣārêp̄ metzaRef ṣā·rap̄ ṣā·rə·p̄āh ṣā·rō·wp̄ ṣā·rūp̄ ṣārap̄ ṣārəp̄āh ṣārōwp̄ ṣārūp̄ ṣə·rā·p̄ā·ṯə·hū ṣə·rap̄·ta·nî ṣə·rap̄·tā·nū ṣə·rap̄·tî·ḵā ṣə·rū·p̄āh ṣərāp̄āṯəhū ṣərap̄tanî ṣərap̄tānū ṣərap̄tîḵā ṣərūp̄āh ṣō·rêp̄ ṣō·w·rêp̄ ṣō·wr·p̄ām ṣō·wr·p̄îm ṣōrêp̄ ṣōwrêp̄ ṣōwrp̄ām ṣōwrp̄îm tzaRaf tzareFah tzaRof Tzaruf tzeraFatehu tzerafTani tzerafTanu tzerafTicha tzeruFah tzoRef tzorFam tzorFim ū·ṣə·rap̄·tîm ūṣərap̄tîm utzerafTim veetzreFennu veetzRof vetzoRef veyitztzareFu wə’eṣrəp̄ennū wə’eṣrōp̄ wə·’eṣ·rə·p̄en·nū wə·’eṣ·rōp̄ wə·ṣō·rêp̄ wə·yiṣ·ṣā·rə·p̄ū wəṣōrêp̄ wəyiṣṣārəp̄ū Links Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts Englishman's Concordance Judges 7:4 HEB: אֶל־ הַמַּ֔יִם וְאֶצְרְפֶ֥נּוּ לְךָ֖ שָׁ֑ם NAS: to the water and I will test them for you there. KJV: unto the water, and I will try them for thee there: and it shall be, [that] of whom I say INT: to the water will test there become Judges 17:4 HEB: כֶּ֜סֶף וַתִּתְּנֵ֣הוּ לַצּוֹרֵ֗ף וַֽיַּעֲשֵׂ֙הוּ֙ פֶּ֣סֶל NAS: and gave them to the silversmith who made KJV: and gave them to the founder, who made INT: silver and gave to the silversmith made A graven 2 Samuel 22:31 HEB: אִמְרַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ צְרוּפָ֔ה מָגֵ֣ן ה֔וּא NAS: of the LORD is tested; He is a shield KJV: of the LORD [is] tried: he [is] a buckler INT: the word of the LORD is tested shield he Nehemiah 3:8 HEB: בֶּֽן־ חַרְהֲיָה֙ צֽוֹרְפִ֔ים ס וְעַל־ NAS: of Harhaiah of the goldsmiths made KJV: of Harhaiah, of the goldsmiths. Next unto him INT: the son of Harhaiah of the goldsmiths unto him Nehemiah 3:32 HEB: הַצֹּ֔אן הֶחֱזִ֥יקוּ הַצֹּרְפִ֖ים וְהָרֹכְלִֽים׃ פ NAS: Gate the goldsmiths and the merchants KJV: repaired the goldsmiths and the merchants. INT: and the Sheep carried the goldsmiths and the merchants Psalm 12:6 HEB: טְהֹ֫ר֥וֹת כֶּ֣סֶף צָ֭רוּף בַּעֲלִ֣יל לָאָ֑רֶץ NAS: As silver tried in a furnace KJV: [as] silver tried in a furnace INT: are pure silver tried A furnace the earth Psalm 17:3 HEB: פָּ֘קַ֤דְתָּ לַּ֗יְלָה צְרַפְתַּ֥נִי בַל־ תִּמְצָ֑א NAS: [me] by night; You have tested me and You find KJV: [me] in the night; thou hast tried me, [and] shalt find INT: have visited night have tested nothing find Psalm 18:30 HEB: אִמְרַֽת־ יְהוָ֥ה צְרוּפָ֑ה מָגֵ֥ן ה֝֗וּא NAS: of the LORD is tried; He is a shield KJV: of the LORD is tried: he [is] a buckler INT: the word of the LORD is tried shield he Psalm 26:2 HEB: [צְרֹופָה כ] (צָרְפָ֖ה ק) כִלְיוֹתַ֣י NAS: and try me; Test my mind KJV: and prove me; try my reins INT: LORD and try cast my mind and my heart Psalm 66:10 HEB: בְחַנְתָּ֥נוּ אֱלֹהִ֑ים צְ֝רַפְתָּ֗נוּ כִּצְרָף־ כָּֽסֶף׃ NAS: us, O God; You have refined us as silver KJV: hast proved us: thou hast tried us, as silver INT: have tried God have refined is refined silver Psalm 66:10 HEB: אֱלֹהִ֑ים צְ֝רַפְתָּ֗נוּ כִּצְרָף־ כָּֽסֶף׃ NAS: us as silver is refined. KJV: us, as silver is tried. INT: God have refined is refined silver Psalm 105:19 HEB: אִמְרַ֖ת יְהוָ֣ה צְרָפָֽתְהוּ׃ NAS: The word of the LORD tested him. KJV: the word of the LORD tried him. INT: the word of the LORD tested Psalm 119:140 HEB: צְרוּפָ֖ה אִמְרָתְךָ֥ מְאֹ֗ד NAS: is very pure, Therefore Your servant KJV: [is] very pure: therefore thy servant INT: pure your word is very Proverbs 25:4 HEB: מִכָּ֑סֶף וַיֵּצֵ֖א לַצֹּרֵ֣ף כֶּֽלִי׃ NAS: out a vessel for the smith; KJV: a vessel for the finer. INT: the silver comes the smith A vessel Proverbs 30:5 HEB: אִמְרַ֣ת אֱל֣וֹהַּ צְרוּפָ֑ה מָגֵ֥ן ה֝֗וּא NAS: of God is tested; He is a shield KJV: of God [is] pure: he [is] a shield INT: word of God is tested shield who Isaiah 1:25 HEB: יָדִי֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ וְאֶצְרֹ֥ף כַּבֹּ֖ר סִיגָ֑יִךְ NAS: against you, And will smelt away your dross KJV: upon thee, and purely purge away thy dross, INT: my hand against and will smelt cleanness your dross Isaiah 40:19 HEB: נָסַ֣ךְ חָרָ֔שׁ וְצֹרֵ֖ף בַּזָּהָ֣ב יְרַקְּעֶ֑נּוּ NAS: casts it, A goldsmith plates KJV: a graven image, and the goldsmith spreadeth INT: casts A craftsman A goldsmith gold plates Isaiah 40:19 HEB: וּרְתֻק֥וֹת כֶּ֖סֶף צוֹרֵֽף׃ NAS: it with gold, And a silversmith [fashions] chains KJV: it over with gold, and casteth silver INT: chains of silver silversmith Isaiah 41:7 HEB: חָרָשׁ֙ אֶת־ צֹרֵ֔ף מַחֲלִ֥יק פַּטִּ֖ישׁ NAS: encourages the smelter, [And] he who smooths KJV: encouraged the goldsmith, [and] he that smootheth INT: encourages the craftsman the smelter smooths the hammer Isaiah 46:6 HEB: יִשְׁקֹ֑לוּ יִשְׂכְּר֤וּ צוֹרֵף֙ וְיַעֲשֵׂ֣הוּ אֵ֔ל NAS: Hire a goldsmith, and he makes KJV: [and] hire a goldsmith; and he maketh INT: and weigh Hire A goldsmith makes it a god Isaiah 48:10 HEB: הִנֵּ֥ה צְרַפְתִּ֖יךָ וְלֹ֣א בְכָ֑סֶף NAS: Behold, I have refined you, but not as silver; KJV: Behold, I have refined thee, but not with silver; INT: Behold have refined as silver Jeremiah 6:29 HEB: עֹפָ֑רֶת לַשָּׁוְא֙ צָרַ֣ף צָר֔וֹף וְרָעִ֖ים NAS: In vain the refining goes KJV: of the fire; the founder melteth INT: the lead vain the refining goes the wicked Jeremiah 6:29 HEB: לַשָּׁוְא֙ צָרַ֣ף צָר֔וֹף וְרָעִ֖ים לֹ֥א NAS: the refining goes on, But the wicked KJV: the founder melteth in vain: INT: vain the refining goes the wicked are not Jeremiah 9:7 HEB: צְבָא֔וֹת הִנְנִ֥י צוֹרְפָ֖ם וּבְחַנְתִּ֑ים כִּֽי־ NAS: Behold, I will refine them and assay KJV: of hosts, Behold, I will melt them, and try INT: of hosts behold will refine and assay For Jeremiah 10:9 HEB: חָרָ֖שׁ וִידֵ֣י צוֹרֵ֑ף תְּכֵ֤לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָן֙ NAS: and of the hands of a goldsmith; Violet KJV: and of the hands of the founder: blue INT: of a craftsman the hands of a goldsmith Violet and purple 33 Occurrences Strong's Hebrew 6884 33 Occurrences haṣ·ṣō·rə·p̄îm — 1 Occ. kiṣ·rāp̄- — 2 Occ. laṣ·ṣō·w·rêp̄ — 2 Occ. liṣ·rō·wp̄ — 1 Occ. mə·ṣā·rêp̄ — 2 Occ. ṣā·rap̄ — 1 Occ. ṣā·rə·p̄āh — 1 Occ. ṣā·rō·wp̄ — 1 Occ. ṣā·rūp̄ — 1 Occ. ṣə·rā·p̄ā·ṯə·hū — 1 Occ. ṣə·rap̄·ta·nî — 1 Occ. ṣə·rap̄·tā·nū — 1 Occ. ṣə·rap̄·tî·ḵā — 1 Occ. ṣə·rū·p̄āh — 4 Occ. ṣō·w·rêp̄ — 6 Occ. ṣō·wr·p̄ām — 1 Occ. ṣō·wr·p̄îm — 1 Occ. ū·ṣə·rap̄·tîm — 1 Occ. wə·’eṣ·rə·p̄en·nū — 1 Occ. wə·’eṣ·rōp̄ — 1 Occ. wə·ṣō·rêp̄ — 1 Occ. wə·yiṣ·ṣā·rə·p̄ū — 1 Occ.