Proverbs 18:21

Life and death are in the power of the tongue, and those who love it will eat its fruit.

Study Bible

Life and death
This phrase underscores the profound impact that words can have. In Hebrew, "life" (חַיִּים, chayyim) and "death" (מָוֶת, mavet) are often used to represent the ultimate outcomes of human actions and decisions. The juxtaposition of these two words highlights the stark contrast between the potential for good and harm inherent in our speech. Historically, the ancient Near Eastern cultures, including Israel, recognized the power of words to bless or curse, to heal or wound. This understanding is deeply rooted in the biblical narrative, where God's spoken word brings creation into existence (Genesis 1). Thus, the proverb reminds us that our words can create or destroy, reflecting the divine power of speech.

are in the power of the tongue
The "tongue" (לָשׁוֹן, lashon) in Hebrew is often used metaphorically to represent speech or language. The phrase "power of the tongue" suggests that the tongue wields significant influence. In the ancient world, the spoken word was a primary means of communication, and its impact was immediate and far-reaching. The tongue's power is not just in its ability to convey information but in its capacity to affect emotions, relationships, and even destinies. Scripturally, James 3:5-6 echoes this sentiment, comparing the tongue to a small spark that can set a great forest ablaze, emphasizing the need for careful and righteous speech.

and those who love it
This phrase refers to individuals who are fond of speaking or who take delight in using their words. The Hebrew root for "love" (אָהַב, ahav) implies a deep affection or attachment. In this context, it suggests that those who are passionate about speaking, whether for good or ill, will experience the consequences of their words. The Bible frequently warns against the misuse of speech, urging believers to speak truthfully and lovingly (Ephesians 4:15). This love for the tongue can be a double-edged sword, as it can lead to either the cultivation of life-giving words or the propagation of harmful speech.

will eat its fruit
The metaphor of "fruit" (פְּרִי, peri) is often used in Scripture to denote the results or outcomes of one's actions. Just as a tree bears fruit according to its kind, so do our words produce outcomes that align with their nature. The phrase "eat its fruit" implies that individuals will experience the consequences of their speech, whether beneficial or detrimental. This concept is consistent with the biblical principle of sowing and reaping (Galatians 6:7), where the nature of one's actions determines the nature of the outcomes. The proverb serves as a cautionary reminder that our words have lasting effects, and we must be mindful of the seeds we plant with our speech.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Solomon
Traditionally attributed as the author of Proverbs, Solomon was the son of King David and known for his wisdom. His insights into human behavior and godly living are reflected throughout the book of Proverbs.

2. Ancient Israel
The cultural and historical context of Proverbs is ancient Israel, where oral communication was a primary means of teaching and influencing others.

3. The Tongue
While not a person or place, the "tongue" is personified in this verse as having the power to influence life and death, emphasizing the significance of speech in human interactions.

Teaching Points

The Power of Words
Words have the ability to build up or tear down. As believers, we are called to use our speech to edify and encourage others, reflecting the love of Christ.

Accountability for Our Speech
We will be held accountable for our words. It is crucial to be mindful of what we say, ensuring that our speech aligns with biblical principles and glorifies God.

Cultivating a Heart of Wisdom
The words we speak are a reflection of our hearts. By seeking wisdom and understanding from God, we can cultivate a heart that produces life-giving words.

The Consequences of Speech
Our words can have lasting impacts, both positive and negative. We must consider the potential consequences of our speech and strive to speak life into every situation.

Loving the Right Fruit
Those who "love" the power of the tongue will "eat its fruit." We should desire the fruit of righteousness and peace, which comes from speaking truth and love.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding the power of the tongue influence the way you communicate with others in your daily life?

2. In what ways can you apply the teachings of Proverbs 18:21 to improve your relationships with family, friends, and colleagues?

3. Reflect on a time when your words had a significant impact on someone else. What did you learn from that experience about the power of speech?

4. How can you ensure that your words align with the teachings of Jesus and the apostles, as seen in the connections to James 3 and Ephesians 4?

5. What practical steps can you take to cultivate a heart that produces life-giving words, and how can you encourage others to do the same?

Connections to Other Scriptures

James 3:5-6
This passage in the New Testament discusses the power of the tongue, comparing it to a small fire that can set a forest ablaze, highlighting the potential for both good and harm.

Matthew 12:36-37
Jesus teaches about the accountability of our words, indicating that they reflect the condition of our hearts and will be judged accordingly.

Ephesians 4:29
Paul instructs believers to speak only what is helpful for building others up, emphasizing the constructive use of speech.