Isaiah 16:1

Send the tribute lambs to the ruler of the land, from Sela in the desert to the mount of Daughter Zion.

Study Bible

Send the tribute
The phrase "Send the tribute" refers to a diplomatic and economic action that was common in the ancient Near East. The Hebrew word for "tribute" is "מִנְחָה" (minchah), which can mean a gift, offering, or present. Historically, this was a way for vassal states to show allegiance and submission to a more powerful kingdom. In the context of Isaiah, Moab is being instructed to send tribute to Judah, acknowledging its dependence and seeking favor or protection. This act of sending tribute is symbolic of humility and recognition of authority, which can be seen as a call for nations and individuals to acknowledge God's sovereignty.

lambs
The use of "lambs" as the tribute is significant. Lambs were valuable livestock in ancient agrarian societies, often used in sacrificial offerings and as a symbol of innocence and purity. The Hebrew word "כֶּבֶשׂ" (keves) emphasizes the importance of the offering being something of worth and significance. In a broader spiritual sense, lambs can be seen as a foreshadowing of Christ, the Lamb of God, who is the ultimate offering for sin. This highlights the theme of sacrifice and redemption that runs throughout the Bible.

to the ruler of the land
This phrase indicates the direction and purpose of the tribute. The "ruler of the land" refers to the king of Judah, who at the time was the earthly authority. The Hebrew word "מֹשֵׁל" (moshel) means ruler or governor, emphasizing the political structure and hierarchy. In a spiritual context, it reminds believers of the ultimate authority of God as the ruler of all creation. The act of sending tribute to the ruler is an acknowledgment of his power and a plea for peace and protection.

from Sela
"Sela" is a geographical reference, often identified with the city of Petra in modern-day Jordan. The Hebrew word "סֶלַע" (sela) means rock or cliff, indicating a fortified or elevated place. This location is significant as it represents a place of strength and refuge. Historically, Sela was a stronghold of the Edomites and later the Nabateans. The mention of Sela underscores the idea of seeking refuge and strength not in physical locations or human constructs, but in God.

across the desert
The phrase "across the desert" describes the journey the tribute must take. The Hebrew word "מִדְבָּר" (midbar) refers to a wilderness or uninhabited land. This journey across the desert signifies a difficult and arduous path, symbolizing the trials and challenges faced in life. It serves as a metaphor for the spiritual journey of faith, where believers must traverse through the wilderness of the world, relying on God's guidance and provision.

to the mount of the Daughter of Zion
This final phrase points to the destination of the tribute, "the mount of the Daughter of Zion," which is Jerusalem. The "Daughter of Zion" is a poetic term for the city of Jerusalem, representing the people of God. The Hebrew word "בַּת־צִיּוֹן" (bat-Tsiyon) emphasizes the special relationship between God and His chosen people. The mount signifies a place of worship and divine presence. This phrase encapsulates the hope and promise of restoration and communion with God, encouraging believers to direct their offerings and lives towards Him, seeking His presence and favor.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moab
A nation located east of the Dead Sea, often in conflict with Israel. In Isaiah 16, Moab is seeking refuge and favor from Judah.

2. Sela
A city in Edom, often associated with Petra, known for its rock-hewn architecture. It represents a place of origin for the tribute.

3. The Ruler of the Land
Likely referring to the king of Judah, who is being asked to receive the tribute from Moab.

4. The Daughter of Zion
A poetic term for Jerusalem, the capital of Judah, symbolizing the people and the city itself.

5. Tribute Lambs
A symbol of submission and a plea for peace, representing Moab's attempt to seek favor and protection from Judah.

Teaching Points

Submission and Humility
The act of sending tribute lambs signifies Moab's submission and plea for mercy. In our lives, we are called to approach God with humility, recognizing our need for His grace.

Seeking Refuge in God
Just as Moab sought refuge in Judah, we are reminded to seek refuge in God during times of distress. He is our ultimate protector and provider.

The Role of Intercession
The tribute can be seen as an intercessory act, seeking favor on behalf of a nation. We are encouraged to intercede for others, bringing their needs before God.

Peace and Reconciliation
The tribute represents a desire for peace. As Christians, we are called to be peacemakers, seeking reconciliation in our relationships and communities.

The Significance of Zion
The reference to the "Daughter of Zion" highlights the importance of Jerusalem as a spiritual center. We are reminded of the centrality of worship and God's presence in our lives.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does the act of sending tribute lambs teach us about humility and submission in our relationship with God?

2. How can we apply the concept of seeking refuge in God to our current life situations?

3. In what ways can we act as intercessors for others, similar to Moab's plea for favor?

4. How does the desire for peace and reconciliation manifest in our personal relationships and community interactions?

5. What significance does the "Daughter of Zion" hold for us today, and how can we prioritize worship and God's presence in our daily lives?

Connections to Other Scriptures

2 Kings 3
This chapter describes a historical context where Moab was subject to Israel and paid tribute, providing background to the relationship between Moab and Israel/Judah.

Psalm 48
This psalm praises Mount Zion, connecting to the significance of the "Daughter of Zion" as a place of God's presence and protection.

Isaiah 2
This chapter speaks of the exaltation of Zion and the nations coming to it, which parallels Moab's act of sending tribute to seek peace.