1 Samuel 20:15

and do not ever cut off your loving devotion from my household--not even when the LORD cuts off every one of David's enemies from the face of the earth."

Study Bible

And do not ever cut off your kindness
The Hebrew word for "kindness" here is "chesed," which conveys a deep sense of loyal love, mercy, and faithfulness. This term is often used to describe God's covenantal love for His people. In the context of Jonathan's plea to David, it reflects a request for enduring loyalty and mercy, transcending personal and political turmoil. The phrase underscores the importance of steadfast love and faithfulness, virtues that are central to the character of God and are to be emulated by His followers.

from my family
Jonathan's request is not just for himself but extends to his entire family, highlighting the communal nature of covenants in ancient Israel. The family, or "bayit" in Hebrew, was the fundamental social unit, and its well-being was paramount. This plea for kindness to his family reflects the interconnectedness of personal relationships and the broader community, emphasizing the biblical principle of generational blessings and responsibilities.

not even when the LORD has cut off
The phrase "cut off" is translated from the Hebrew word "karath," which often refers to making or breaking covenants, as well as the act of destruction or removal. Here, it signifies a divine intervention where God will decisively act against David's enemies. This reflects the biblical theme of divine justice and sovereignty, where God is the ultimate arbiter of human affairs, ensuring that His purposes are fulfilled.

every one of David’s enemies
This part of the verse speaks to the comprehensive nature of God's deliverance. The term "enemies" in Hebrew is "oyeb," which refers to adversaries or those who oppose God's anointed. The assurance that all of David's enemies will be dealt with by God underscores the biblical truth that God protects and vindicates His chosen ones, a theme that resonates throughout the Psalms and the prophetic writings.

from the face of the earth
This phrase emphasizes the totality and finality of God's judgment. The "face of the earth" is a Hebrew idiom that denotes the entirety of the world, suggesting that God's actions are both thorough and universal. It serves as a reminder of God's omnipotence and His ultimate authority over creation, reinforcing the hope and assurance that evil will not prevail against God's plans and His people.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jonathan
The son of King Saul and a close friend of David. He is known for his loyalty and covenant with David.

2. David
The future king of Israel, anointed by Samuel, and a man after God's own heart. At this point, he is fleeing from King Saul.

3. Saul
The first king of Israel, who becomes increasingly hostile towards David due to jealousy and fear of losing his throne.

4. Covenant
A solemn agreement between Jonathan and David, emphasizing loyalty and loving devotion (Hebrew: "chesed").

5. The LORD
The covenant-keeping God of Israel, who is central to the promises and actions in this account.

Teaching Points

The Power of Covenant Relationships
Jonathan and David's relationship exemplifies the strength and commitment found in covenant relationships. In our lives, we should seek to build relationships that are grounded in mutual respect, love, and faithfulness.

Loving Devotion (Chesed)
The Hebrew word "chesed" signifies steadfast love, kindness, and loyalty. As believers, we are called to exhibit "chesed" in our relationships, reflecting God's unwavering love for us.

Faithfulness Amidst Adversity
Despite the danger and uncertainty, Jonathan remains faithful to his covenant with David. This teaches us the importance of remaining true to our commitments, even when circumstances are challenging.

God's Sovereignty and Justice
The verse acknowledges God's role in cutting off David's enemies, reminding us of His ultimate control and justice. We can trust God to act on our behalf and fulfill His promises.

Legacy of Faithfulness
Jonathan's request for enduring kindness to his house highlights the impact of our actions on future generations. Our faithfulness today can leave a lasting legacy for those who come after us.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the covenant between Jonathan and David challenge our understanding of friendship and loyalty today?

2. In what ways can we demonstrate "chesed" (loving devotion) in our relationships with others?

3. How does Jonathan's faithfulness to David inspire us to remain committed to our promises, even in difficult times?

4. What can we learn from this passage about trusting God's sovereignty and justice in our lives?

5. How can we ensure that our actions today positively impact future generations, as seen in Jonathan's concern for his descendants?

Connections to Other Scriptures

2 Samuel 9
This chapter shows David fulfilling his covenant with Jonathan by showing kindness to Mephibosheth, Jonathan's son, demonstrating the enduring nature of their agreement.

Proverbs 17:17
Highlights the value of a friend who loves at all times, reflecting the deep bond between Jonathan and David.

Psalm 89:28
Speaks of God's steadfast love and faithfulness, paralleling the "loving devotion" Jonathan requests from David.